ICD-10: C62.01

The ICD-10 code C62.01 refers specifically to the malignant neoplasm of the undescended right testis. This diagnosis is part of a broader category of testicular cancers, which are characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the testicular tissue. Below is a detailed clinical description and relevant information regarding this condition.

Clinical Description

Definition

C62.01 denotes a malignant tumor located in the right testis that has not descended into the scrotum, a condition known as cryptorchidism. This undescended testis is associated with an increased risk of developing testicular cancer, particularly in the first few decades of life.

Epidemiology

Testicular cancer is relatively rare compared to other cancers but is the most common cancer in males aged 15 to 35 years. The incidence of testicular cancer is higher in individuals with a history of undescended testis, with studies indicating that men with this condition are at a significantly increased risk of developing testicular cancer later in life[1][2].

Pathophysiology

The exact mechanisms leading to the development of malignant neoplasms in undescended testes are not fully understood. However, it is believed that the abnormal position of the testis may expose it to different hormonal environments and increase susceptibility to carcinogenic factors. The most common histological type of testicular cancer associated with undescended testes is germ cell tumors, which can be further classified into seminomas and non-seminomas[3].

Symptoms

Symptoms of malignant neoplasm of the testis may include:
- A noticeable lump or swelling in the testicular area.
- Pain or discomfort in the testis or scrotum.
- Changes in the size or shape of the testis.
- Symptoms of metastasis, such as back pain, abdominal swelling, or respiratory issues if the cancer has spread[4].

Diagnosis

Diagnosis typically involves:
- Physical Examination: A healthcare provider will perform a thorough examination of the testicular area.
- Imaging Studies: Ultrasound is commonly used to visualize the testis and assess for masses.
- Tumor Markers: Blood tests for tumor markers such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) can aid in diagnosis and monitoring.
- Biopsy: In some cases, a biopsy may be performed to confirm the presence of malignant cells[5].

Treatment

Treatment options for malignant neoplasm of the undescended right testis may include:
- Surgery: Orchiectomy (removal of the affected testis) is often the first line of treatment.
- Chemotherapy: Depending on the stage and type of cancer, chemotherapy may be recommended.
- Radiation Therapy: This may be used in certain cases, particularly for seminomas[6].

Prognosis

The prognosis for testicular cancer is generally favorable, especially when detected early. The five-year survival rate for localized testicular cancer can exceed 95%, but this can vary based on the stage at diagnosis and the specific type of cancer[7].

Conclusion

ICD-10 code C62.01 identifies a significant health concern related to the undescended right testis, emphasizing the importance of early detection and treatment. Regular monitoring and awareness of symptoms are crucial for individuals with a history of cryptorchidism to mitigate the risk of developing testicular cancer. If you have further questions or need additional information, please feel free to ask.

References

1. Testicular Cancer Statistics and Risk Factors.
2. Cryptorchidism and Testicular Cancer Risk.
3. Pathophysiology of Testicular Cancer.
4. Symptoms of Testicular Cancer.
5. Diagnostic Approaches for Testicular Cancer.
6. Treatment Options for Testicular Cancer.
7. Prognosis and Survival Rates for Testicular Cancer.