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ICD-10: H90.3

Sensorineural hearing loss, bilateral

Additional Information

Approximate Synonyms

When discussing the ICD-10 code H90.3, which specifically refers to bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, it is useful to consider alternative names and related terms that may be encountered in clinical practice, research, or documentation. Below is a detailed overview of these terms.

Alternative Names for H90.3

  1. Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Impairment: This term emphasizes the impairment aspect of the condition, highlighting the functional impact on hearing.

  2. Bilateral SNHL: An abbreviation commonly used in audiology and medical documentation, where SNHL stands for Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

  3. Bilateral Cochlear Hearing Loss: This term can be used interchangeably, particularly when referring to the inner ear's role in hearing loss.

  4. Bilateral Auditory Neuropathy: While not identical, this term may sometimes be used in contexts where the auditory nerve's function is compromised, leading to similar symptoms.

  5. Bilateral Hearing Loss: A broader term that encompasses all types of hearing loss, but in the context of H90.3, it specifically refers to the sensorineural type.

  1. Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL): This is the general term for hearing loss resulting from damage to the inner ear or the auditory nerve pathways. It can be unilateral or bilateral.

  2. Conductive Hearing Loss: While distinct from sensorineural hearing loss, this term is often mentioned in discussions about hearing loss types, particularly when differentiating between the two.

  3. Mixed Hearing Loss: This term refers to a combination of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss, which may be relevant in cases where both types are present.

  4. Hearing Loss: A general term that encompasses all forms of hearing impairment, including sensorineural, conductive, and mixed types.

  5. Audiometric Findings: This term refers to the results obtained from hearing tests, which may indicate the presence of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss.

  6. Hearing Impairment: A broader term that includes any degree of hearing loss, whether mild, moderate, severe, or profound.

Conclusion

Understanding the alternative names and related terms for ICD-10 code H90.3 is essential for effective communication among healthcare professionals, particularly in audiology and otolaryngology. These terms not only facilitate clearer documentation but also enhance patient understanding of their condition. When discussing bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, using these terms appropriately can help ensure that all parties involved have a comprehensive understanding of the diagnosis and its implications.

Description

Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a common type of hearing impairment characterized by damage to the inner ear or the auditory nerve pathways that transmit sound signals to the brain. The ICD-10 code H90.3 specifically refers to bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, indicating that the condition affects both ears.

Clinical Description

Definition

Bilateral sensorineural hearing loss is defined as a reduction in hearing sensitivity in both ears due to issues in the inner ear (cochlea) or the auditory nerve. This type of hearing loss can result from various factors, including genetic predispositions, aging, exposure to loud noise, infections, and certain medical conditions.

Symptoms

Patients with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss may experience:
- Difficulty understanding speech, especially in noisy environments.
- A sensation of muffled sounds.
- Tinnitus, or ringing in the ears.
- Challenges in localizing sounds, which can affect spatial awareness.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis typically involves:
- Audiometric Testing: Comprehensive hearing tests to assess the degree and type of hearing loss.
- Medical History Review: Evaluating the patient's medical history, including any exposure to ototoxic medications or loud noises.
- Physical Examination: An examination of the ears to rule out conductive hearing loss or other ear-related issues.

Causes

The causes of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss can be diverse, including:
- Aging (Presbycusis): Gradual loss of hearing that occurs as people age.
- Noise Exposure: Prolonged exposure to loud sounds can damage the hair cells in the cochlea.
- Genetic Factors: Hereditary conditions can predispose individuals to hearing loss.
- Infections: Viral infections, such as mumps or meningitis, can lead to SNHL.
- Ototoxic Medications: Certain drugs can adversely affect hearing.

Treatment Options

Management Strategies

While sensorineural hearing loss is often permanent, various management strategies can help improve communication abilities:
- Hearing Aids: Amplification devices that can enhance sound perception.
- Cochlear Implants: Surgical options for individuals with severe to profound hearing loss who do not benefit from hearing aids.
- Auditory Rehabilitation: Programs designed to improve listening skills and communication strategies.

Importance of Early Intervention

Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for maximizing the effectiveness of treatment options. Individuals experiencing symptoms of hearing loss should seek evaluation from an audiologist or an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist.

Conclusion

ICD-10 code H90.3 encapsulates the clinical aspects of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, emphasizing the need for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. Understanding the nature of this condition is essential for healthcare providers to offer effective treatment and support to affected individuals. Early intervention can significantly enhance the quality of life for those experiencing hearing loss, enabling better communication and social interaction.

Clinical Information

Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), particularly bilateral SNHL as classified under ICD-10 code H90.3, is a prevalent condition that affects individuals of various ages and backgrounds. Understanding its clinical presentation, signs, symptoms, and patient characteristics is crucial for effective diagnosis and management.

Clinical Presentation

Bilateral sensorineural hearing loss is characterized by a reduction in hearing sensitivity in both ears due to damage to the inner ear (cochlea) or the auditory nerve pathways. This type of hearing loss can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired later in life due to various factors, including genetic predispositions, environmental influences, or medical conditions.

Signs and Symptoms

The symptoms of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss can vary in severity and may include:

  • Difficulty Hearing in Noisy Environments: Patients often struggle to understand speech in the presence of background noise, which can lead to social withdrawal and communication difficulties[6].
  • Muffled Sounds: Individuals may describe sounds as being muffled or distorted, making it challenging to discern specific words or sounds[12].
  • Tinnitus: Many patients report experiencing tinnitus, which is a ringing or buzzing sensation in the ears, often accompanying hearing loss[12].
  • Balance Issues: Since the inner ear also plays a role in balance, some patients may experience dizziness or balance problems[12].
  • Progressive Hearing Loss: In some cases, the hearing loss may be gradual, making it difficult for patients to recognize the extent of their impairment until it becomes significant[7].

Patient Characteristics

Bilateral sensorineural hearing loss can affect individuals across all age groups, but certain characteristics may be more prevalent in specific populations:

  • Age: While congenital cases can occur, bilateral SNHL is more commonly diagnosed in older adults due to age-related hearing loss (presbycusis) or exposure to loud noises over time[12].
  • Genetic Factors: A family history of hearing loss can increase the likelihood of developing bilateral SNHL, particularly in childhood-onset cases[2][9].
  • Medical History: Patients with a history of ototoxic medication use, viral infections (such as mumps or measles), or head trauma may be at higher risk for developing this condition[6][12].
  • Comorbid Conditions: Conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and autoimmune disorders can also contribute to the risk of sensorineural hearing loss[12].

Conclusion

Bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, classified under ICD-10 code H90.3, presents a range of clinical features that can significantly impact an individual's quality of life. Recognizing the signs and symptoms, along with understanding patient characteristics, is essential for healthcare providers to facilitate timely diagnosis and appropriate interventions. Early detection and management can help mitigate the effects of hearing loss, improving communication and overall well-being for affected individuals.

Diagnostic Criteria

Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a common type of hearing impairment that affects the inner ear or the auditory nerve pathways to the brain. The ICD-10 code H90.3 specifically refers to bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Understanding the criteria for diagnosing this condition is essential for accurate coding and treatment planning.

Diagnostic Criteria for Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss (ICD-10 Code H90.3)

1. Clinical Evaluation

  • Patient History: A thorough patient history is crucial. This includes inquiries about the onset, duration, and progression of hearing loss, as well as any associated symptoms such as tinnitus (ringing in the ears) or balance issues. Family history of hearing loss may also be relevant.
  • Physical Examination: An otoscopic examination is performed to rule out conductive hearing loss due to earwax, infections, or structural abnormalities in the outer or middle ear.

2. Audiometric Testing

  • Pure Tone Audiometry: This is the primary test used to assess hearing sensitivity across different frequencies. For a diagnosis of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, the audiogram typically shows a symmetrical pattern of hearing loss in both ears, with thresholds indicating sensorineural impairment (usually a drop in hearing sensitivity at higher frequencies).
  • Speech Audiometry: This assesses the ability to understand speech at various volume levels. Difficulty in understanding speech, especially in noisy environments, can further support the diagnosis of SNHL.

3. Additional Diagnostic Tests

  • Impedance Audiometry: This test evaluates the middle ear function and can help differentiate between conductive and sensorineural hearing loss.
  • Otoacoustic Emissions (OAEs): These tests measure sound waves produced in the inner ear and can indicate cochlear function. Absent OAEs in the presence of normal middle ear function suggests sensorineural hearing loss.
  • Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR): This test assesses the auditory nerve pathways and can help identify issues beyond the cochlea, particularly in cases of suspected retrocochlear pathology.

4. Exclusion of Other Causes

  • It is essential to rule out other potential causes of hearing loss, such as conductive hearing loss, which can be due to middle ear problems, or other medical conditions that may affect hearing. This may involve imaging studies (like MRI) if a retrocochlear lesion is suspected.

5. Classification of Severity

  • The severity of hearing loss is classified based on the degree of hearing thresholds measured during audiometric testing. This classification can range from mild to profound, which can influence treatment options and interventions.

6. Documentation and Coding

  • Accurate documentation of all findings, including audiometric results and any relevant medical history, is crucial for proper coding under ICD-10. The code H90.3 should be used when bilateral sensorineural hearing loss is confirmed through the above evaluations.

Conclusion

Diagnosing bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (ICD-10 code H90.3) involves a comprehensive approach that includes patient history, audiometric testing, and the exclusion of other hearing loss types. Proper diagnosis is essential not only for effective treatment but also for accurate coding, which can impact patient care and insurance reimbursement. By adhering to these criteria, audiologists and healthcare providers can ensure that patients receive the appropriate interventions for their hearing loss.

Treatment Guidelines

Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), particularly when classified under ICD-10 code H90.3, refers to a type of hearing impairment that arises from damage to the inner ear or the auditory nerve pathways to the brain. This condition can significantly impact an individual's quality of life, necessitating a comprehensive approach to treatment. Below, we explore standard treatment approaches for bilateral sensorineural hearing loss.

Understanding Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Causes

Bilateral sensorineural hearing loss can result from various factors, including:
- Aging: Presbycusis is a common age-related hearing loss.
- Noise Exposure: Prolonged exposure to loud sounds can damage hair cells in the cochlea.
- Genetic Factors: Hereditary conditions can predispose individuals to hearing loss.
- Infections: Viral infections, such as mumps or meningitis, can lead to SNHL.
- Ototoxic Medications: Certain medications can adversely affect hearing.

Symptoms

Individuals with H90.3 may experience:
- Difficulty understanding speech, especially in noisy environments.
- Tinnitus (ringing in the ears).
- A sensation of fullness in the ears.

Standard Treatment Approaches

1. Hearing Aids

Hearing aids are the most common treatment for bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. They amplify sound, making it easier for individuals to hear and understand speech. Key considerations include:
- Types of Hearing Aids: Options range from behind-the-ear (BTE) to in-the-ear (ITE) models, each suited to different levels of hearing loss and user preferences.
- Customization: Hearing aids can be programmed to match the specific hearing loss profile of the user, enhancing their effectiveness.

2. Cochlear Implants

For individuals with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss who do not benefit from hearing aids, cochlear implants may be recommended. These devices bypass damaged hair cells and directly stimulate the auditory nerve. Important points include:
- Eligibility: Candidates typically have limited benefit from traditional hearing aids and meet specific audiological criteria.
- Surgical Procedure: The implantation involves a surgical procedure, followed by rehabilitation to optimize hearing outcomes.

3. Auditory Rehabilitation

Auditory rehabilitation programs can help individuals adapt to their hearing loss and improve communication skills. This may include:
- Speech Therapy: Working with a speech-language pathologist to enhance speech understanding.
- Listening Exercises: Activities designed to improve auditory processing and discrimination skills.

4. Medical Management

In some cases, underlying medical conditions contributing to sensorineural hearing loss may be treated. This could involve:
- Medication: Addressing infections or inflammation that may affect hearing.
- Regular Monitoring: Ongoing audiological assessments to track changes in hearing ability.

5. Assistive Listening Devices

In addition to hearing aids, various assistive listening devices can enhance sound quality in specific situations, such as:
- FM Systems: These systems transmit sound directly from a microphone to the hearing aid, reducing background noise.
- Loop Systems: Used in public venues, these systems transmit sound directly to hearing aids equipped with telecoils.

Conclusion

Bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, classified under ICD-10 code H90.3, requires a multifaceted treatment approach tailored to the individual's needs. Hearing aids and cochlear implants are the primary interventions, complemented by auditory rehabilitation and medical management when necessary. By addressing both the technical and communicative aspects of hearing loss, individuals can significantly improve their quality of life and maintain effective communication. Regular follow-ups with audiologists and healthcare providers are essential to ensure optimal management of this condition.

Related Information

Approximate Synonyms

  • Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Impairment
  • Bilateral SNHL
  • Bilateral Cochlear Hearing Loss
  • Bilateral Auditory Neuropathy
  • Bilateral Hearing Loss
  • Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL)
  • Conductive Hearing Loss
  • Mixed Hearing Loss
  • Hearing Loss
  • Audiometric Findings
  • Hearing Impairment

Description

  • Reduced hearing sensitivity in both ears
  • Inner ear or auditory nerve damage
  • Difficulty understanding speech in noisy environments
  • Muffled sounds sensation
  • Tinnitus or ringing in the ears
  • Challenges localizing sounds and spatial awareness
  • Aging, noise exposure, genetic factors contribute

Clinical Information

  • Bilateral SNHL affects both ears
  • Damage to inner ear or auditory nerve
  • Congenital or acquired hearing loss
  • Difficulty hearing in noisy environments
  • Muffled sounds and tinnitus common symptoms
  • Balance issues may occur due to inner ear damage
  • Progressive hearing loss can be gradual
  • Affects individuals of all ages, but more common in older adults
  • Family history increases risk of childhood-onset cases
  • Medical history influences risk of developing SNHL
  • Comorbid conditions like diabetes and cardiovascular disease contribute to risk

Diagnostic Criteria

Treatment Guidelines

  • Prescribe hearing aids for SNHL
  • Cochlear implants for severe SNHL
  • Speech therapy for improved speech understanding
  • Listening exercises for auditory processing skills
  • Medication for underlying medical conditions
  • Regular audiological assessments and monitoring
  • Use assistive listening devices (FM, Loop Systems)

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