ICD-10: K52.831

Collagenous colitis is a type of microscopic colitis characterized by chronic diarrhea and inflammation of the colon, specifically involving a thickened collagen layer in the intestinal lining. The ICD-10-CM code for collagenous colitis is K52.831. Below is a detailed clinical description and relevant information regarding this condition.

Clinical Description

Definition

Collagenous colitis is a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that primarily affects the colon. It is classified under the broader category of microscopic colitis, which also includes lymphocytic colitis. The condition is distinguished by the presence of a significant amount of collagen in the subepithelial layer of the colon, which can be observed through histological examination of biopsy samples.

Symptoms

The hallmark symptom of collagenous colitis is chronic, non-bloody diarrhea, which can occur multiple times a day. Other symptoms may include:
- Abdominal pain or cramping
- Urgency to have bowel movements
- Weight loss due to malabsorption
- Fatigue

Etiology

The exact cause of collagenous colitis remains unclear, but several factors may contribute to its development, including:
- Autoimmune responses: Some studies suggest that collagenous colitis may be related to autoimmune processes.
- Medications: Certain medications, particularly non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and proton pump inhibitors, have been associated with the onset of the disease.
- Infections: Gastrointestinal infections may trigger the condition in some individuals.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of collagenous colitis typically involves:
- Colonoscopy: This procedure allows for direct visualization of the colon and the collection of biopsy samples.
- Histological examination: Biopsies reveal a thickened collagen band beneath the epithelium, which is a defining feature of collagenous colitis.
- Exclusion of other conditions: It is essential to rule out other causes of diarrhea, such as infections, inflammatory bowel disease, and colorectal cancer.

Treatment

Management of collagenous colitis focuses on symptom relief and may include:
- Medications: Anti-inflammatory drugs, such as budesonide, are commonly used to reduce inflammation and control symptoms. In some cases, immunosuppressive agents may be prescribed.
- Dietary modifications: Patients may benefit from dietary changes, including the elimination of certain foods that exacerbate symptoms.
- Monitoring: Regular follow-up is necessary to assess the effectiveness of treatment and make adjustments as needed.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with collagenous colitis is generally favorable. Many patients experience significant improvement in symptoms with appropriate treatment. However, some may have persistent symptoms or relapses, necessitating ongoing management.

Conclusion

Collagenous colitis, coded as K52.831 in the ICD-10-CM, is a chronic condition that requires careful diagnosis and management. Understanding its clinical features, diagnostic criteria, and treatment options is crucial for healthcare providers to effectively support patients suffering from this condition. Regular monitoring and a tailored approach to treatment can lead to improved quality of life for those affected.

Collagenous colitis, classified under ICD-10 code K52.831, is a type of microscopic colitis characterized by inflammation of the colon and a distinctive histological finding of collagen deposition in the subepithelial layer of the colonic mucosa. This condition primarily affects adults and is often associated with chronic diarrhea. Below is a detailed overview of its clinical presentation, signs, symptoms, and patient characteristics.

Clinical Presentation

Symptoms

The hallmark symptom of collagenous colitis is chronic, non-bloody diarrhea, which can be watery and may occur multiple times a day. Patients often report:

• Urgency: A sudden and compelling need to defecate.
• Incontinence: Difficulty controlling bowel movements, leading to accidents.
• Abdominal pain: Cramping or discomfort, which may vary in intensity.
• Weight loss: Due to malabsorption and chronic diarrhea.
• Fatigue: Resulting from dehydration and nutritional deficiencies.

Signs

On physical examination, signs may include:

• Dehydration: Indicated by dry mucous membranes, decreased skin turgor, and orthostatic hypotension.
• Abdominal tenderness: Particularly in the lower abdomen, though this is often mild.
• Normal abdominal examination: In many cases, the abdomen may appear normal without palpable masses or organomegaly.

Patient Characteristics

Demographics

Collagenous colitis predominantly affects:

• Age: Most commonly diagnosed in middle-aged and older adults, typically between 50 and 70 years of age.
• Gender: There is a higher prevalence in women compared to men, with some studies suggesting a ratio of approximately 3:1.

Associated Conditions

Patients with collagenous colitis may have a higher incidence of certain comorbidities, including:

• Autoimmune disorders: Such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and thyroid disease.
• Other gastrointestinal conditions: Including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and celiac disease.
• Medications: Some patients report a history of using medications like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or proton pump inhibitors, which may be associated with the onset of symptoms.

Histological Findings

Diagnosis is confirmed through colonoscopy and biopsy, revealing:

• Collagen layer thickening: A distinctive feature of collagenous colitis is the thickening of the collagen band beneath the epithelium, typically greater than 10 micrometers.
• Lymphocytic infiltration: Increased lymphocytes in the epithelium, which is a common finding in microscopic colitis.

Conclusion

Collagenous colitis is a chronic condition that primarily presents with persistent diarrhea and is characterized by specific histological changes in the colon. Understanding the clinical presentation, signs, symptoms, and patient demographics is crucial for timely diagnosis and management. If you suspect collagenous colitis in a patient, a thorough evaluation including a detailed history, physical examination, and appropriate diagnostic procedures such as colonoscopy and biopsy is essential for confirmation and treatment planning.

Collagenous colitis, classified under the ICD-10-CM code K52.831, is a type of microscopic colitis characterized by chronic diarrhea and inflammation of the colon. Understanding alternative names and related terms can enhance clarity in medical documentation and communication. Below are some alternative names and related terms associated with collagenous colitis.

Alternative Names for Collagenous Colitis

1. Collagenous Colitis: This is the primary term used in medical literature and coding.
2. Collagenous Colitis Syndrome: Sometimes referred to in clinical contexts to emphasize the syndrome aspect of the condition.
3. Chronic Diarrhea with Collagenous Colitis: This term highlights the primary symptom associated with the condition.
4. Microscopic Colitis: While this term encompasses both collagenous colitis and lymphocytic colitis, it is often used in discussions about the broader category of inflammatory bowel diseases.

Related Terms

1. Lymphocytic Colitis (ICD-10 Code K52.832): This is another subtype of microscopic colitis, often discussed alongside collagenous colitis due to their similar presentations and diagnostic approaches.
2. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): A broader category that includes conditions like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, which may be confused with collagenous colitis due to overlapping symptoms.
3. Fecal Calprotectin: A biomarker used in the diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory bowel diseases, including collagenous colitis, as it helps differentiate between inflammatory and non-inflammatory causes of diarrhea[5].
4. Chronic Diarrhea: A common symptom associated with collagenous colitis, often used in clinical descriptions and patient presentations.

Clinical Context

Collagenous colitis is often diagnosed through colonoscopy and biopsy, where a thickened collagen layer is observed in the colonic mucosa. It is essential for healthcare providers to be aware of these alternative names and related terms to ensure accurate diagnosis, coding, and treatment planning.

In summary, while K52.831 specifically refers to collagenous colitis, understanding its alternative names and related terms can facilitate better communication among healthcare professionals and improve patient care outcomes.

Collagenous colitis is a type of microscopic colitis characterized by chronic diarrhea and the presence of a thickened collagen layer in the colon. The diagnosis of collagenous colitis, which corresponds to ICD-10 code K52.831, involves several criteria and diagnostic steps. Here’s a detailed overview of the diagnostic criteria and process:

Clinical Presentation

1. Symptoms: The primary symptom of collagenous colitis is chronic, non-bloody diarrhea, which can be watery and may occur multiple times a day. Patients may also experience abdominal pain, cramping, and weight loss. Symptoms often improve with the use of medications such as budesonide, a corticosteroid.

2. Duration: Symptoms typically persist for at least four weeks, which helps differentiate collagenous colitis from other transient gastrointestinal conditions.

Diagnostic Tests

1. Colonoscopy: A colonoscopy is essential for visualizing the colon and obtaining biopsies. During the procedure, the mucosa may appear normal, which is common in collagenous colitis.

2. Biopsy: Histological examination of biopsy samples is crucial. The diagnosis is confirmed by the presence of:
   - A thickened collagen band (greater than 10 micrometers) beneath the epithelium.
   - Inflammatory changes in the lamina propria, including an increase in lymphocytes and plasma cells.

3. Exclusion of Other Conditions: It is important to rule out other causes of chronic diarrhea, such as:
   - Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) like Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis.
   - Infectious causes (e.g., bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections).
   - Other types of microscopic colitis (lymphocytic colitis).

Laboratory Tests

1. Fecal Tests: Fecal tests may be performed to exclude infections and assess for other gastrointestinal disorders. Fecal calprotectin levels can be useful in differentiating between inflammatory bowel disease and non-inflammatory causes of diarrhea.

2. Serological Tests: While not specific for collagenous colitis, serological tests may help rule out celiac disease or other autoimmune conditions.

Imaging Studies

• CT or MRI: These imaging modalities are not typically used for diagnosing collagenous colitis but may be employed to rule out other abdominal pathologies if indicated.

Conclusion

The diagnosis of collagenous colitis (ICD-10 code K52.831) relies on a combination of clinical symptoms, endoscopic findings, and histological confirmation through biopsy. The presence of a thickened collagen layer in the colon, along with the exclusion of other gastrointestinal disorders, is essential for accurate diagnosis. If you suspect collagenous colitis, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for appropriate evaluation and management.

Collagenous colitis, classified under ICD-10 code K52.831, is a type of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by chronic diarrhea and a thickened collagen layer in the colon. Understanding the standard treatment approaches for this condition is crucial for effective management and symptom relief.

Overview of Collagenous Colitis

Collagenous colitis primarily affects the colon and is often associated with symptoms such as watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss. The exact cause remains unclear, but it may be linked to autoimmune processes, medications, or dietary factors. Diagnosis typically involves colonoscopy and biopsy, which reveal the characteristic collagen layer in the colonic mucosa[12][14].

Standard Treatment Approaches

1. Medications

The primary treatment for collagenous colitis involves the use of medications aimed at reducing inflammation and controlling symptoms:

• Anti-inflammatory Agents:

• Budesonide: This is a corticosteroid that is often the first-line treatment. It is effective in reducing inflammation in the colon and is typically prescribed for a limited duration to minimize side effects associated with long-term steroid use[9][10].

• 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (5-ASA) Compounds:

• Medications such as mesalamine may be used, although their effectiveness can vary among patients. These agents help to reduce inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract[8][12].

• Immunosuppressants:

• In cases where corticosteroids are ineffective or if the patient experiences frequent relapses, immunosuppressive drugs like azathioprine or mercaptopurine may be considered to help control the immune response[9][10].

2. Dietary Modifications

Dietary changes can play a significant role in managing symptoms:

• Elimination Diets: Some patients find relief by eliminating certain foods that may trigger symptoms, such as gluten or dairy products. Keeping a food diary can help identify potential triggers[9][12].

• Increased Fiber Intake: While some patients may benefit from a high-fiber diet, others may need to limit fiber intake during flare-ups to reduce diarrhea. It is essential to tailor dietary recommendations to individual tolerance levels[9][10].

3. Symptomatic Treatment

Managing symptoms is also a critical component of treatment:

• Antidiarrheal Medications: Over-the-counter medications like loperamide can help control diarrhea, but they should be used cautiously and under medical supervision, especially during active inflammation[9][10].

• Hydration and Electrolyte Management: Ensuring adequate hydration and electrolyte balance is vital, particularly in patients experiencing significant diarrhea. Oral rehydration solutions may be recommended[9][12].

4. Monitoring and Follow-Up

Regular follow-up with healthcare providers is essential to monitor the disease's progression and treatment efficacy. Adjustments to the treatment plan may be necessary based on symptom control and any side effects experienced from medications[9][10].

Conclusion

The management of collagenous colitis (ICD-10 code K52.831) typically involves a combination of medication, dietary modifications, and symptomatic treatment. Budesonide remains a cornerstone of therapy, while dietary adjustments and supportive care can significantly enhance patient quality of life. Ongoing monitoring and individualized treatment plans are crucial for effective management of this chronic condition. If symptoms persist or worsen, further evaluation and potential adjustments in therapy may be necessary to achieve optimal control.