ICD-10: M02.311

Reiter's disease, also known as reactive arthritis, is a type of inflammatory arthritis that typically occurs in response to an infection in another part of the body. The ICD-10 code M02.311 specifically refers to Reiter's disease affecting the right shoulder. Below is a detailed clinical description and relevant information regarding this condition.

Clinical Description of Reiter's Disease

Definition

Reiter's disease is characterized by a triad of symptoms: arthritis, urethritis, and conjunctivitis. It is often triggered by infections, particularly those caused by certain bacteria such as Chlamydia trachomatis, Salmonella, Shigella, or Yersinia. The condition is classified under the broader category of spondyloarthritis.

Symptoms

The symptoms of Reiter's disease can vary but commonly include:
- Joint Pain and Swelling: In the case of M02.311, the right shoulder is specifically affected, leading to pain, swelling, and reduced range of motion in the shoulder joint.
- Urethritis: Inflammation of the urethra, which may present as painful urination or discharge.
- Conjunctivitis: Inflammation of the eye, leading to redness, irritation, and discharge.
- Skin Manifestations: Some patients may develop skin rashes or lesions.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Reiter's disease typically involves:
- Clinical Evaluation: A thorough history and physical examination to assess symptoms and joint involvement.
- Laboratory Tests: Blood tests may be conducted to check for markers of inflammation (such as ESR or CRP) and to rule out other conditions.
- Imaging Studies: X-rays or MRI may be used to evaluate joint damage or inflammation.

Treatment

Management of Reiter's disease focuses on alleviating symptoms and may include:
- Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): To reduce pain and inflammation.
- Corticosteroids: In cases of severe inflammation, corticosteroids may be prescribed.
- Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs): In chronic cases, DMARDs may be considered to manage symptoms and prevent joint damage.
- Antibiotics: If an underlying infection is identified, appropriate antibiotic therapy may be necessary.

Implications of M02.311

The specific ICD-10 code M02.311 indicates that the condition is localized to the right shoulder. This localization is important for treatment planning and understanding the impact on the patient's daily activities.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with Reiter's disease can vary. Some patients may experience a single episode that resolves completely, while others may have recurrent symptoms or chronic arthritis. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improving outcomes and minimizing joint damage.

Conclusion

Reiter's disease, particularly when affecting the right shoulder as indicated by ICD-10 code M02.311, is a significant inflammatory condition that requires careful management. Understanding the clinical features, diagnostic criteria, and treatment options is essential for healthcare providers to effectively address this condition and improve patient quality of life. If you have further questions or need additional information, feel free to ask!

Reiter's disease, also known as reactive arthritis, is a type of inflammatory arthritis that can occur following an infection, particularly in the urogenital or gastrointestinal tract. The ICD-10 code M02.311 specifically refers to Reiter's disease affecting the right shoulder. Below is a detailed overview of the clinical presentation, signs, symptoms, and patient characteristics associated with this condition.

Clinical Presentation

Overview of Reiter's Disease

Reiter's disease is characterized by a triad of symptoms: arthritis, urethritis, and conjunctivitis. However, not all patients will present with all three symptoms. The condition is often triggered by infections, particularly those caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, Salmonella, Shigella, or Campylobacter species.

Affected Population

Reiter's disease predominantly affects young adults, particularly males aged 20 to 40 years. It is more common in individuals with a genetic predisposition, particularly those who are HLA-B27 positive, which is a specific antigen associated with various autoimmune conditions[1].

Signs and Symptoms

Joint Symptoms

• Arthritis: The hallmark of Reiter's disease is arthritis, which can be asymmetric and often affects the lower extremities, but in this case, it specifically involves the right shoulder. Patients may experience:
• Swelling and tenderness in the shoulder joint.
• Pain that may worsen with movement or pressure.
• Stiffness, particularly in the morning or after periods of inactivity.

Extra-Articular Symptoms

• Urethritis: Patients may report symptoms of urethritis, such as:
• Painful urination (dysuria).
• Increased frequency of urination.

• Discharge from the urethra.

• Conjunctivitis: Ocular symptoms may include:

• Redness and irritation of the eyes.
• Sensitivity to light (photophobia).
• Discharge from the eyes.

Systemic Symptoms

• Fever: Some patients may experience low-grade fever.
• Fatigue: General malaise and fatigue are common.
• Skin Manifestations: Some individuals may develop skin lesions, such as keratoderma blennorrhagicum or circinate balanitis.

Patient Characteristics

Demographics

• Age: Most commonly affects young adults, particularly those in their 20s to 40s.
• Gender: More prevalent in males than females, with a ratio of approximately 3:1[2].

Risk Factors

• Genetic Factors: A significant association with HLA-B27 antigen.
• Infectious Triggers: Recent history of urogenital or gastrointestinal infections.
• Lifestyle Factors: Higher incidence in individuals with certain lifestyle factors, such as unprotected sexual activity or exposure to contaminated food or water.

Comorbidities

Patients with Reiter's disease may have a history of other autoimmune conditions or inflammatory diseases, which can complicate the clinical picture and management of the disease.

Conclusion

Reiter's disease, particularly when affecting the right shoulder as indicated by ICD-10 code M02.311, presents with a combination of joint pain, swelling, and systemic symptoms following an infection. Understanding the clinical presentation, signs, symptoms, and patient characteristics is crucial for timely diagnosis and management. Early intervention can help mitigate the impact of the disease and improve the quality of life for affected individuals. If you suspect Reiter's disease, a thorough clinical evaluation and appropriate laboratory tests are essential for confirming the diagnosis and ruling out other conditions.

References

1. International Statistical Classification of Diseases - 10th Revision (ICD-10).
2. Clinical guidelines on reactive arthritis and its management.

ICD-10 code M02.311 refers specifically to Reiter's disease affecting the right shoulder. Reiter's disease, also known as reactive arthritis, is a type of inflammatory arthritis that can occur as a reaction to an infection in another part of the body. Below are alternative names and related terms associated with this condition:

Alternative Names for Reiter's Disease

1. Reactive Arthritis: This is the most common alternative name for Reiter's disease, emphasizing its nature as a reaction to infections.
2. Postinfectious Arthritis: This term highlights the condition's development following an infection.
3. Reiter's Syndrome: This name is often used interchangeably with Reiter's disease, although it can sometimes refer to a broader set of symptoms.
4. Urethritis-arthritis syndrome: This term reflects the common association of Reiter's disease with urethritis and conjunctivitis.

Related Terms

1. Spondyloarthritis: Reiter's disease is classified under this broader category of inflammatory arthritis that affects the spine and the joints.
2. Enthesitis: This term refers to inflammation at the sites where tendons or ligaments insert into the bone, which can be a feature of Reiter's disease.
3. HLA-B27: This is a genetic marker often associated with Reiter's disease and other spondyloarthropathies.
4. Conjunctivitis: Inflammation of the eye that can accompany Reiter's disease, often leading to the classic triad of symptoms (arthritis, urethritis, and conjunctivitis).
5. Urethritis: Inflammation of the urethra, which is commonly associated with Reiter's disease.

Conclusion

Understanding the alternative names and related terms for ICD-10 code M02.311 can help in recognizing the condition and its implications in clinical settings. This knowledge is particularly useful for healthcare professionals involved in diagnosis, treatment, and coding for medical billing purposes. If you need further information or specific details about treatment options or management strategies for Reiter's disease, feel free to ask!

Reiter's disease, also known as reactive arthritis, is a type of inflammatory arthritis that can occur following an infection, particularly in the urogenital or gastrointestinal tract. The ICD-10 code M02.311 specifically refers to Reiter's disease affecting the right shoulder. To diagnose this condition, healthcare providers typically consider a combination of clinical criteria, laboratory tests, and patient history.

Diagnostic Criteria for Reiter's Disease (M02.311)

1. Clinical Symptoms

The diagnosis of Reiter's disease is primarily based on the presence of the following clinical symptoms:

• Arthritis: Inflammation of the joints, which may include swelling, pain, and stiffness. In this case, the right shoulder is specifically affected.
• Urethritis: Inflammation of the urethra, often presenting as painful urination or discharge.
• Conjunctivitis: Inflammation of the eye, which may cause redness, pain, and discharge.

2. Patient History

A thorough patient history is essential for diagnosis. Key aspects include:

• Recent Infections: A history of recent infections, particularly those related to the urogenital or gastrointestinal systems, such as chlamydia or gastrointestinal pathogens (e.g., Salmonella, Shigella).
• Family History: A family history of autoimmune diseases or similar conditions may also be relevant.

3. Laboratory Tests

While there is no definitive laboratory test for Reiter's disease, several tests can support the diagnosis:

• Blood Tests: These may include tests for inflammatory markers (e.g., ESR, CRP) and the presence of HLA-B27 antigen, which is associated with a higher risk of developing reactive arthritis.
• Joint Aspiration: Analysis of synovial fluid from the affected joint can help rule out other causes of arthritis, such as infection or crystal-induced arthritis.

4. Imaging Studies

Imaging studies, such as X-rays or MRI, may be used to assess joint damage or inflammation in the right shoulder and to exclude other conditions.

5. Exclusion of Other Conditions

It is crucial to rule out other forms of arthritis or conditions that may mimic Reiter's disease, such as:

• Psoriatic arthritis
• Ankylosing spondylitis
• Gout or pseudogout

Conclusion

The diagnosis of Reiter's disease (ICD-10 code M02.311) affecting the right shoulder involves a comprehensive evaluation of clinical symptoms, patient history, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. By considering these criteria, healthcare providers can accurately diagnose and manage this condition, ensuring appropriate treatment and care for the patient. If you have further questions or need more specific information, feel free to ask!

Reiter's disease, also known as reactive arthritis, is a type of inflammatory arthritis that can occur following an infection, particularly in the urogenital or gastrointestinal tract. The ICD-10 code M02.311 specifically refers to Reiter's disease affecting the right shoulder. Understanding the standard treatment approaches for this condition is crucial for effective management and patient care.

Overview of Reiter's Disease

Reiter's disease is characterized by a triad of symptoms: arthritis, urethritis, and conjunctivitis. However, not all patients exhibit all three symptoms. The condition is often triggered by infections, and it can lead to joint pain and swelling, particularly in the lower extremities, but it can also affect other joints, such as the shoulder.

Standard Treatment Approaches

1. Medications

Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

NSAIDs are typically the first line of treatment for managing pain and inflammation associated with Reiter's disease. Common NSAIDs include ibuprofen and naproxen. These medications help reduce swelling and alleviate discomfort in the affected joints, including the shoulder[1].

Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs)

In cases where NSAIDs are insufficient, DMARDs may be prescribed. Medications such as methotrexate or sulfasalazine can help control inflammation and prevent joint damage over the long term[2]. These are particularly useful for patients with persistent symptoms or those who develop chronic arthritis.

Corticosteroids

Corticosteroids may be used for more severe cases or when rapid control of inflammation is necessary. They can be administered orally or injected directly into the affected joint, such as the shoulder, to provide quick relief from pain and swelling[3].

2. Physical Therapy

Physical therapy plays a vital role in the rehabilitation of patients with Reiter's disease. A physical therapist can design a tailored exercise program to improve joint function, increase strength, and enhance mobility in the affected shoulder. Stretching and strengthening exercises can help maintain range of motion and prevent stiffness[4].

3. Lifestyle Modifications

Patients are often advised to make certain lifestyle changes to help manage their symptoms. This may include:

• Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce stress on the joints.
• Regular Exercise: Engaging in low-impact activities, such as swimming or cycling, can help keep joints flexible without exacerbating pain.
• Dietary Adjustments: Some patients find relief by following an anti-inflammatory diet, which includes foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, and whole grains[5].

4. Monitoring and Follow-Up

Regular follow-up appointments with a healthcare provider are essential for monitoring the progression of the disease and the effectiveness of treatment. Adjustments to the treatment plan may be necessary based on the patient's response to therapy and any side effects experienced from medications[6].

Conclusion

The management of Reiter's disease, particularly when it affects the right shoulder, involves a multifaceted approach that includes medication, physical therapy, lifestyle modifications, and ongoing monitoring. Early intervention and a tailored treatment plan can significantly improve outcomes and enhance the quality of life for patients suffering from this condition. If symptoms persist or worsen, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation and potential adjustments to the treatment strategy.