ICD-10: M02.352

Reiter's disease, also known as reactive arthritis, is a type of inflammatory arthritis that typically occurs as a reaction to an infection in another part of the body. The ICD-10 code M02.352 specifically refers to Reiter's disease affecting the left hip. Below is a detailed clinical description and relevant information regarding this condition.

Clinical Description of Reiter's Disease

Definition

Reiter's disease is characterized by a triad of symptoms: arthritis, urethritis, and conjunctivitis. It is often triggered by infections, particularly those caused by certain bacteria such as Chlamydia trachomatis, Salmonella, Shigella, or Yersinia. The condition is more common in young adults and is associated with the HLA-B27 antigen, which is present in a significant number of affected individuals.

Symptoms

The symptoms of Reiter's disease can vary but typically include:
- Arthritis: Inflammation of the joints, which can be asymmetric and often affects the lower extremities, including the knees, ankles, and feet. In this case, the left hip is specifically involved.
- Urethritis: Inflammation of the urethra, leading to painful urination and discharge.
- Conjunctivitis: Inflammation of the eye, which may cause redness, pain, and discharge.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Reiter's disease is primarily clinical, based on the presence of the characteristic symptoms and a history of preceding infections. Laboratory tests may include:
- Blood tests: To check for the presence of the HLA-B27 antigen and inflammatory markers.
- Joint fluid analysis: To rule out other types of arthritis, such as gout or septic arthritis.

Treatment

Management of Reiter's disease focuses on alleviating symptoms and may include:
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): To reduce pain and inflammation.
- Corticosteroids: In cases of severe inflammation.
- Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs): If symptoms persist or recur.
- Antibiotics: If a bacterial infection is identified as the trigger.

Specifics of M02.352: Reiter's Disease, Left Hip

Implications of the Code

The ICD-10 code M02.352 indicates that the inflammatory process is localized to the left hip joint. This specificity is crucial for treatment planning and understanding the extent of the disease.

Clinical Considerations

• Joint Involvement: The left hip may exhibit swelling, tenderness, and reduced range of motion. Patients may experience pain during weight-bearing activities.
• Long-term Management: Chronic cases may lead to joint damage if not adequately managed, necessitating regular follow-up and possibly physical therapy to maintain joint function.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with Reiter's disease varies. Many patients experience a self-limiting course, while others may develop chronic arthritis. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to improve outcomes and prevent long-term complications.

Conclusion

Reiter's disease, particularly when affecting the left hip as denoted by ICD-10 code M02.352, requires a comprehensive approach to diagnosis and management. Understanding the clinical features, potential triggers, and treatment options is vital for healthcare providers to effectively address this condition and improve patient quality of life. Regular monitoring and a multidisciplinary approach may be necessary for optimal management.

Reiter's disease, also known as reactive arthritis, is a type of inflammatory arthritis that can occur following an infection, particularly in the urogenital or gastrointestinal tract. The ICD-10 code M02.352 specifically refers to Reiter's disease affecting the left hip. Treatment approaches for this condition typically focus on alleviating symptoms, managing inflammation, and addressing any underlying infections.

Standard Treatment Approaches

1. Medications

Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

NSAIDs are often the first line of treatment for managing pain and inflammation associated with Reiter's disease. Commonly used NSAIDs include ibuprofen and naproxen. These medications help reduce swelling and discomfort in the affected joints, including the hip[1].

Corticosteroids

In cases where NSAIDs are insufficient, corticosteroids may be prescribed. These can be administered orally or injected directly into the affected joint to provide rapid relief from inflammation and pain[1].

Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs)

For chronic cases or when the disease does not respond to NSAIDs or corticosteroids, DMARDs such as methotrexate may be considered. These medications help slow the progression of the disease and prevent joint damage[1].

2. Physical Therapy

Physical therapy plays a crucial role in the rehabilitation of patients with Reiter's disease. A physical therapist can design a tailored exercise program to improve joint function, increase strength, and enhance mobility in the hip joint. Stretching and strengthening exercises can help alleviate stiffness and maintain range of motion[1].

3. Management of Underlying Infections

Since Reiter's disease is often triggered by infections, it is essential to identify and treat any underlying infections. Antibiotics may be necessary if a bacterial infection is present, particularly if it is linked to the onset of arthritis[1].

4. Lifestyle Modifications

Patients are encouraged to adopt lifestyle changes that can help manage symptoms and improve overall health. This includes:

• Regular Exercise: Engaging in low-impact activities such as swimming or cycling can help maintain joint function without putting excessive strain on the hip.
• Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce stress on the hip joint and alleviate pain.
• Dietary Adjustments: A balanced diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods, such as omega-3 fatty acids, can support overall joint health[1].

5. Surgical Interventions

In severe cases where joint damage occurs, surgical options may be considered. This could involve procedures to repair or replace the damaged hip joint, although such interventions are typically reserved for cases that do not respond to conservative treatments[1].

Conclusion

The management of Reiter's disease affecting the left hip involves a multifaceted approach that includes medication, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications. Early intervention and a tailored treatment plan can significantly improve outcomes and enhance the quality of life for patients. Regular follow-up with healthcare providers is essential to monitor the condition and adjust treatment as necessary. If you have further questions or need more specific information, consulting a healthcare professional is recommended.

Reiter's disease, also known as reactive arthritis, is a type of inflammatory arthritis that can occur following an infection, particularly in the urogenital or gastrointestinal tract. The ICD-10 code M02.352 specifically refers to Reiter's disease affecting the left hip. Below is a detailed overview of the clinical presentation, signs, symptoms, and patient characteristics associated with this condition.

Clinical Presentation

Overview of Reiter's Disease

Reiter's disease is characterized by a triad of symptoms: arthritis, urethritis, and conjunctivitis. However, not all patients will present with all three symptoms. The condition is often triggered by infections, particularly those caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, Salmonella, Shigella, or Campylobacter species.

Affected Population

Reiter's disease predominantly affects young adults, particularly males aged 20 to 40 years. It is more common in individuals with a genetic predisposition, particularly those who are HLA-B27 positive, which is a specific antigen associated with various autoimmune conditions.

Signs and Symptoms

Joint Symptoms

• Arthritis: The hallmark of Reiter's disease is arthritis, which can be asymmetric and often affects the lower extremities, including the knees, ankles, and feet. In the case of M02.352, the left hip is specifically involved, leading to:
• Pain and swelling in the left hip joint.
• Reduced range of motion in the hip.
• Tenderness upon palpation of the hip area.

Extra-Articular Symptoms

• Urethritis: Patients may experience symptoms of urethritis, such as:
• Painful urination (dysuria).
• Increased frequency of urination.

• Discharge from the urethra.

• Conjunctivitis: Ocular symptoms may include:

• Redness and irritation of the eyes.
• Discharge from the eyes.
• Sensitivity to light (photophobia).

Other Symptoms

• Skin Manifestations: Some patients may develop skin lesions, such as:
• Keratoderma blennorrhagicum (scaly, red-brown patches).

• Circinate balanitis (lesions on the glans penis).

• Systemic Symptoms: Patients may also report:

• Fatigue.
• Fever.
• Malaise.

Patient Characteristics

Demographics

• Age: Most commonly affects individuals between 20 and 40 years.
• Gender: More prevalent in males than females, with a ratio of approximately 3:1.

Risk Factors

• Genetic Factors: A significant association with HLA-B27 antigen.
• Infectious Triggers: Recent history of urogenital or gastrointestinal infections.
• Lifestyle Factors: Higher incidence in individuals with certain lifestyle factors, such as smoking or a history of sexually transmitted infections.

Comorbidities

Patients with Reiter's disease may have a history of other autoimmune conditions or inflammatory diseases, which can complicate the clinical picture and management.

Conclusion

Reiter's disease, particularly when affecting the left hip as indicated by ICD-10 code M02.352, presents with a combination of joint pain, urethritis, and potential ocular involvement. Understanding the clinical presentation, signs, symptoms, and patient characteristics is crucial for timely diagnosis and management. Early intervention can help alleviate symptoms and prevent long-term joint damage, emphasizing the importance of recognizing this condition in at-risk populations.

Reiter's disease, also known as reactive arthritis, is a condition characterized by inflammation of the joints, often triggered by an infection elsewhere in the body. The ICD-10 code M02.352 specifically refers to Reiter's disease affecting the left hip. Here are some alternative names and related terms associated with this condition:

Alternative Names

1. Reactive Arthritis: This is the most common alternative name for Reiter's disease, emphasizing its nature as a reaction to an infection.
2. Postinfectious Arthritis: This term highlights the condition's development following an infection.
3. Reiter's Syndrome: This name is often used interchangeably with Reiter's disease, although it can also refer to the broader spectrum of symptoms associated with the condition.
4. Urethritis-arthritis syndrome: This term reflects the common association of Reiter's disease with urethritis, particularly in males.

Related Terms

1. Spondyloarthritis: Reiter's disease is classified under this broader category of inflammatory arthritis that affects the spine and other joints.
2. Enthesitis: This term refers to inflammation at the sites where tendons or ligaments attach to bone, which can occur in Reiter's disease.
3. Dactylitis: This refers to the swelling of fingers or toes, which can be a symptom of Reiter's disease.
4. HLA-B27: This is a genetic marker often associated with Reiter's disease and other spondyloarthropathies.
5. Chlamydia-induced arthritis: Since Chlamydia trachomatis is a common trigger for Reiter's disease, this term is sometimes used in clinical contexts.

Conclusion

Understanding the alternative names and related terms for ICD-10 code M02.352 can enhance communication among healthcare professionals and improve patient education. Recognizing these terms can also aid in the diagnosis and treatment of patients presenting with symptoms of Reiter's disease, particularly when considering its association with infections and other inflammatory conditions.

Reiter's disease, also known as reactive arthritis, is a type of inflammatory arthritis that can occur following an infection, particularly in the urogenital or gastrointestinal tract. The ICD-10 code M02.352 specifically refers to Reiter's disease affecting the left hip. To diagnose this condition, healthcare providers typically rely on a combination of clinical criteria, laboratory tests, and imaging studies.

Diagnostic Criteria for Reiter's Disease

1. Clinical Symptoms

• Arthritis: The presence of arthritis, particularly in the lower extremities, is a hallmark of Reiter's disease. Patients may experience swelling, pain, and stiffness in the affected joints, which in this case is the left hip.
• Urethritis: Symptoms of urethritis, such as painful urination or discharge, may be present, indicating a preceding urogenital infection.
• Conjunctivitis: Ocular symptoms, including redness and irritation of the eyes, can also be part of the clinical picture.

2. History of Infection

• A recent history of infection, particularly with organisms such as Chlamydia trachomatis (often associated with urogenital infections) or gastrointestinal pathogens like Salmonella, Shigella, or Campylobacter, is crucial for diagnosis. The onset of arthritis typically follows these infections.

3. Laboratory Tests

• Serological Tests: Testing for the presence of HLA-B27 antigen can support the diagnosis, as a significant percentage of patients with Reiter's disease are HLA-B27 positive.
• Infection Screening: Cultures or serological tests may be performed to identify any underlying infections that could have triggered the reactive arthritis.

4. Imaging Studies

• X-rays or MRI: Imaging of the left hip may reveal joint effusion, erosions, or other changes consistent with inflammatory arthritis. These findings help differentiate Reiter's disease from other forms of arthritis.

5. Exclusion of Other Conditions

• It is essential to rule out other types of arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis or psoriatic arthritis, which may present similarly. This is often done through a combination of clinical evaluation and laboratory tests.

Conclusion

The diagnosis of Reiter's disease (ICD-10 code M02.352) affecting the left hip involves a comprehensive assessment that includes clinical symptoms, history of preceding infections, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. By integrating these elements, healthcare providers can accurately diagnose and manage this condition, ensuring appropriate treatment and follow-up care. If you have further questions or need more specific information, feel free to ask!