ICD-10: M02.362

Reiter's disease, also known as reactive arthritis, is a type of inflammatory arthritis that can occur following an infection, particularly in the urogenital or gastrointestinal tract. The ICD-10 code M02.362 specifically refers to Reiter's disease affecting the left knee. The diagnosis of Reiter's disease involves several criteria, which can be categorized into clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings.

Clinical Criteria

1. History of Infection: A recent history of a genitourinary or gastrointestinal infection is often noted. Common pathogens include Chlamydia trachomatis, Salmonella, Shigella, and Campylobacter.

2. Arthritis Symptoms: Patients typically present with:
   - Swelling and pain in the affected joint (in this case, the left knee).
   - Morning stiffness that improves with activity.
   - Asymmetrical joint involvement, which is characteristic of reactive arthritis.

3. Extra-Articular Manifestations: Reiter's disease may also present with:
   - Conjunctivitis or uveitis.
   - Urethritis or cervicitis.
   - Skin lesions, such as keratoderma blennorrhagicum.

Laboratory Criteria

1. HLA-B27 Antigen: A significant proportion of patients with Reiter's disease test positive for the HLA-B27 antigen, although not all patients will have this marker.

2. Increased Inflammatory Markers: Blood tests may show elevated levels of:
   - Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).
   - C-reactive protein (CRP).

3. Synovial Fluid Analysis: In cases where joint aspiration is performed, the synovial fluid may show:
   - Increased white blood cell count, predominantly neutrophils.
   - Negative cultures for bacteria, which helps differentiate it from septic arthritis.

Imaging Criteria

1. X-rays: Imaging studies may reveal:
   - Joint effusion in the left knee.
   - Possible erosive changes or signs of inflammation in chronic cases.

2. MRI or Ultrasound: These modalities can be used to assess soft tissue involvement and detect early inflammatory changes in the joint.

Conclusion

The diagnosis of Reiter's disease (ICD-10 code M02.362) is based on a combination of clinical history, physical examination findings, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. A thorough evaluation is essential to differentiate it from other forms of arthritis and to confirm the diagnosis. If you have further questions or need more specific information, feel free to ask!

Reiter's disease, also known as reactive arthritis, is a type of inflammatory arthritis that can occur following an infection, particularly in the urogenital or gastrointestinal tract. The ICD-10 code M02.362 specifically refers to Reiter's disease affecting the left knee. Below is a detailed overview of the clinical presentation, signs, symptoms, and patient characteristics associated with this condition.

Clinical Presentation

Overview of Reiter's Disease

Reiter's disease is characterized by a triad of symptoms: arthritis, urethritis, and conjunctivitis. However, not all patients will present with all three symptoms. The condition is often triggered by infections, particularly those caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, Salmonella, Shigella, or Campylobacter species.

Signs and Symptoms

1. Joint Symptoms:
   - Knee Pain: Patients typically experience pain in the left knee, which may be unilateral or bilateral. The pain can be acute and may worsen with movement.
   - Swelling: The affected knee may exhibit significant swelling due to inflammation.
   - Stiffness: Morning stiffness is common, often improving with activity throughout the day.
   - Limited Range of Motion: Patients may have difficulty fully extending or flexing the knee due to pain and swelling.

2. Systemic Symptoms:
   - Fever: Some patients may present with low-grade fever.
   - Fatigue: Generalized fatigue and malaise are common complaints.

3. Urogenital Symptoms:
   - Urethritis: Patients may report dysuria (painful urination) or increased urinary frequency, particularly if the triggering infection was urogenital.
   - Conjunctivitis: Ocular symptoms may include redness, irritation, and discharge from the eyes.

4. Skin Manifestations:
   - Psoriasis-like Lesions: Some patients may develop skin lesions resembling psoriasis, particularly on the palms and soles.

Patient Characteristics

• Demographics: Reiter's disease can affect individuals of any age but is more commonly diagnosed in young adults, particularly males aged 20 to 40 years.
• History of Infection: A significant number of patients report a recent history of gastrointestinal or urogenital infections prior to the onset of arthritis symptoms.
• Family History: There may be a familial predisposition, as the disease is associated with the HLA-B27 antigen, which is more prevalent in certain populations.

Conclusion

Reiter's disease, particularly when affecting the left knee as indicated by ICD-10 code M02.362, presents with a combination of joint pain, swelling, and systemic symptoms following an infection. Understanding the clinical presentation and patient characteristics is crucial for timely diagnosis and management. Early intervention can help alleviate symptoms and prevent long-term joint damage. If you suspect Reiter's disease, a thorough clinical evaluation and appropriate laboratory tests are essential to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions.

Reiter's disease, also known as reactive arthritis, is a condition characterized by inflammation of the joints, often triggered by an infection elsewhere in the body. The ICD-10 code M02.362 specifically refers to Reiter's disease affecting the left knee. Here are some alternative names and related terms associated with this condition:

Alternative Names

1. Reactive Arthritis: This is the most common alternative name for Reiter's disease, emphasizing its nature as a reaction to an infection.
2. Postinfectious Arthritis: This term highlights the condition's development following an infection.
3. Reiter's Syndrome: This name is often used interchangeably with Reiter's disease, although it can sometimes refer to a broader set of symptoms, including urethritis and conjunctivitis.
4. Urethritis-Associated Arthritis: This term is used when the arthritis is associated with urethritis, a common symptom in Reiter's disease.

Related Terms

1. Spondyloarthritis: A group of inflammatory diseases that includes reactive arthritis, characterized by inflammation of the spine and joints.
2. Enthesitis: Inflammation at the site where tendons or ligaments insert into the bone, which can occur in reactive arthritis.
3. HLA-B27: A genetic marker often associated with spondyloarthritis, including Reiter's disease.
4. Oligoarticular Arthritis: Refers to arthritis affecting a few joints, which is common in cases of reactive arthritis.

Conclusion

Understanding the various names and related terms for Reiter's disease can help in recognizing the condition and its implications in clinical settings. If you need further information on treatment options or management strategies for this condition, feel free to ask!

Reiter's disease, also known as reactive arthritis, is a type of inflammatory arthritis that can occur following an infection, particularly in the urogenital or gastrointestinal tract. The ICD-10 code M02.362 specifically refers to Reiter's disease affecting the left knee. Treatment approaches for this condition typically focus on alleviating symptoms, managing inflammation, and addressing any underlying infections.

Standard Treatment Approaches

1. Medications

Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

NSAIDs are often the first line of treatment for managing pain and inflammation associated with Reiter's disease. Commonly used NSAIDs include ibuprofen and naproxen. These medications help reduce swelling and discomfort in the affected joints, including the knee[1].

Corticosteroids

In cases where NSAIDs are insufficient, corticosteroids may be prescribed. These can be administered orally or injected directly into the affected joint to provide rapid relief from inflammation and pain[1].

Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs)

For chronic cases or when the disease does not respond to NSAIDs or corticosteroids, DMARDs such as sulfasalazine or methotrexate may be considered. These medications help to slow the progression of the disease and prevent joint damage[1].

2. Physical Therapy

Physical therapy plays a crucial role in the rehabilitation of patients with Reiter's disease. A physical therapist can design a tailored exercise program to improve joint function, increase strength, and enhance mobility in the affected knee. This may include stretching, strengthening exercises, and low-impact aerobic activities[1].

3. Management of Underlying Infections

Since Reiter's disease is often triggered by infections, it is essential to identify and treat any underlying infections. Antibiotics may be necessary if a bacterial infection is present, particularly if it is linked to the onset of arthritis[1].

4. Lifestyle Modifications

Patients are encouraged to adopt lifestyle changes that can help manage symptoms. This includes maintaining a healthy weight to reduce stress on the joints, engaging in regular low-impact exercise, and avoiding activities that exacerbate knee pain[1].

5. Alternative Therapies

Some patients may find relief through alternative therapies such as acupuncture, massage, or dietary supplements. However, these should be discussed with a healthcare provider to ensure they complement standard treatment approaches effectively[1].

Conclusion

The management of Reiter's disease affecting the left knee involves a multifaceted approach that includes medication, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications. Early intervention and a tailored treatment plan can significantly improve outcomes and enhance the quality of life for individuals affected by this condition. Regular follow-up with healthcare providers is essential to monitor the disease's progression and adjust treatment as necessary. If you have further questions or need more specific information, consulting a rheumatologist or a healthcare professional specializing in arthritis is advisable.

Reiter's disease, also known as reactive arthritis, is a type of inflammatory arthritis that typically occurs as a reaction to an infection in another part of the body. The ICD-10-CM code M02.362 specifically refers to Reiter's disease affecting the left knee. Below is a detailed clinical description and relevant information regarding this condition.

Clinical Description of Reiter's Disease

Definition

Reiter's disease is characterized by the triad of arthritis, urethritis, and conjunctivitis, although not all symptoms may be present in every case. It is often triggered by infections, particularly those caused by certain bacteria such as Chlamydia trachomatis, Salmonella, Shigella, or Yersinia.

Symptoms

The symptoms of Reiter's disease can vary but commonly include:
- Joint Pain and Swelling: The left knee may exhibit significant pain, swelling, and stiffness, which can limit mobility.
- Urethritis: Patients may experience painful urination or discharge, indicating inflammation of the urethra.
- Conjunctivitis: Eye inflammation may occur, leading to redness, irritation, and discharge.
- Skin Manifestations: Some individuals may develop skin rashes or lesions, particularly on the soles of the feet or palms.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Reiter's disease typically involves:
- Clinical Evaluation: A thorough medical history and physical examination to assess symptoms and joint involvement.
- Laboratory Tests: Blood tests may be conducted to check for markers of inflammation (such as ESR or CRP) and to rule out other conditions. Testing for the presence of triggering infections may also be performed.
- Imaging Studies: X-rays or MRI may be used to evaluate joint damage or inflammation.

Treatment

Management of Reiter's disease focuses on alleviating symptoms and addressing the underlying infection:
- Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): These are commonly prescribed to reduce pain and inflammation.
- Corticosteroids: In cases of severe inflammation, corticosteroids may be administered.
- Antibiotics: If a bacterial infection is identified, appropriate antibiotics will be prescribed.
- Physical Therapy: Rehabilitation exercises may help improve joint function and mobility.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with Reiter's disease varies. Some may experience a single episode that resolves completely, while others may have recurrent symptoms or chronic arthritis. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing long-term joint damage.

Conclusion

ICD-10 code M02.362 specifically identifies Reiter's disease affecting the left knee, highlighting the importance of accurate coding for effective treatment and management. Understanding the clinical features, diagnostic criteria, and treatment options is essential for healthcare providers to deliver optimal care for patients suffering from this condition. If you have further questions or need additional information, feel free to ask!