ICD-10: M71.19

ICD-10 code M71.19 refers to "Other infective bursitis, multiple sites." This code is part of the M71 category, which encompasses various types of bursitis, including those caused by infections. Below is a detailed clinical description and relevant information regarding this diagnosis.

Clinical Description

Definition of Bursitis

Bursitis is the inflammation of a bursa, a small fluid-filled sac that acts as a cushion between bones and soft tissues, such as muscles, tendons, and skin. Bursae help reduce friction and allow for smooth movement of joints. When these sacs become inflamed, it can lead to pain, swelling, and restricted movement.

Infective Bursitis

Infective bursitis occurs when a bursa becomes infected, often due to bacteria. This condition can arise from direct trauma, such as a puncture wound, or from the spread of infection from nearby tissues. Common symptoms include:

• Localized Pain: Pain at the site of the affected bursa, which may worsen with movement.
• Swelling and Redness: The area may appear swollen, warm, and red.
• Limited Range of Motion: Movement in the affected joint may be restricted due to pain and swelling.
• Systemic Symptoms: In some cases, patients may experience fever or malaise if the infection is systemic.

Multiple Sites

The designation "multiple sites" indicates that the infective bursitis is not limited to a single bursa but affects multiple bursae in the body. This can complicate diagnosis and treatment, as symptoms may vary depending on the specific bursae involved.

Diagnosis and Coding

When diagnosing M71.19, healthcare providers typically consider the patient's medical history, physical examination findings, and may order imaging studies or laboratory tests to confirm the presence of infection. The ICD-10 code M71.19 is used for billing and coding purposes to specify the diagnosis of infective bursitis affecting multiple sites.

Related Codes

• M71.1: Other infective bursitis (single site).
• M71: Other bursopathies, which includes various types of bursitis not specifically classified elsewhere.

Treatment

Treatment for infective bursitis generally involves:

• Antibiotics: If a bacterial infection is confirmed, appropriate antibiotic therapy is initiated.
• Rest and Immobilization: The affected joint may need to be rested to reduce inflammation.
• Pain Management: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help alleviate pain and swelling.
• Surgical Intervention: In severe cases, drainage of the infected bursa may be necessary.

Conclusion

ICD-10 code M71.19 is crucial for accurately diagnosing and coding cases of infective bursitis affecting multiple sites. Understanding the clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, and treatment options is essential for effective management of this condition. Proper coding ensures appropriate reimbursement and facilitates the tracking of healthcare trends related to bursitis and its complications.

The ICD-10 code M71.19 refers to "Other infective bursitis, multiple sites." This condition involves inflammation of the bursae, which are small fluid-filled sacs that cushion the bones, tendons, and muscles near joints. When these bursae become infected, it can lead to significant discomfort and functional impairment. Below is a detailed overview of the clinical presentation, signs, symptoms, and patient characteristics associated with this condition.

Clinical Presentation

Definition and Overview

Infective bursitis occurs when a bursa becomes inflamed due to infection, often caused by bacteria. M71.19 specifically indicates that the infection affects multiple bursae in the body, which can complicate diagnosis and treatment.

Common Sites Affected

While bursitis can occur in various locations, the most commonly affected sites include:
- Shoulder (subdeltoid bursa)
- Elbow (olecranon bursa)
- Hip (trochanteric bursa)
- Knee (prepatellar bursa)
- Ankle (retrocalcaneal bursa)

Signs and Symptoms

Local Symptoms

Patients with infective bursitis typically present with:
- Swelling: Noticeable swelling over the affected bursa.
- Redness: Erythema around the inflamed area.
- Warmth: Increased temperature at the site of infection.
- Pain: Localized pain that may worsen with movement or pressure.

Systemic Symptoms

In cases of infection, systemic symptoms may also be present, including:
- Fever: Elevated body temperature indicating systemic infection.
- Chills: Accompanying the fever, indicating a more severe infection.
- Fatigue: General malaise and tiredness due to the body fighting the infection.

Functional Impairment

Patients may experience:
- Reduced Range of Motion: Difficulty moving the affected joint due to pain and swelling.
- Weakness: Muscle weakness around the joint due to disuse or pain.

Patient Characteristics

Demographics

• Age: While bursitis can occur at any age, it is more common in adults, particularly those over 40 years old.
• Gender: Males may be more frequently affected, especially in cases related to occupational or sports activities.

Risk Factors

Several factors can increase the likelihood of developing infective bursitis:
- Recent Joint Injury: Trauma to the joint can predispose the bursa to infection.
- Underlying Conditions: Conditions such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, or immunosuppression can increase susceptibility.
- Invasive Procedures: Surgical interventions or injections near the bursa can introduce pathogens.
- Poor Hygiene: Infections can arise from skin infections or poor wound care.

Lifestyle Factors

• Occupational Hazards: Jobs that require repetitive movements or prolonged pressure on joints (e.g., kneeling, leaning) can contribute to bursitis.
• Athletic Activities: Sports that involve repetitive overhead motions or impact can lead to bursitis.

Conclusion

Infective bursitis, particularly when affecting multiple sites as indicated by ICD-10 code M71.19, presents with a combination of local and systemic symptoms that can significantly impact a patient's quality of life. Understanding the clinical presentation, signs, symptoms, and patient characteristics is crucial for timely diagnosis and effective management. Early intervention can help alleviate symptoms and prevent complications, making awareness of this condition essential for healthcare providers.

ICD-10 code M71.19 refers to "Other infective bursitis, multiple sites." This code is part of the broader classification of bursitis, which is an inflammation of the bursa, a small fluid-filled sac that acts as a cushion between bones and soft tissues. Understanding alternative names and related terms for this condition can enhance clarity in medical documentation and communication.

Alternative Names for M71.19

1. Infective Bursitis: This term broadly describes inflammation of the bursa due to infection, which can occur at multiple sites in the body.
2. Bursitis, Infectious: Similar to infective bursitis, this term emphasizes the infectious nature of the condition.
3. Multiple Site Bursitis: This term highlights the occurrence of bursitis at various locations in the body, which is a key aspect of the M71.19 code.
4. Bursitis, Other Infective: This term can be used to specify bursitis that does not fall under more common classifications, indicating a need for further specification.

Related Terms

1. Bursopathy: A general term that refers to any disease or disorder of the bursa, which can include bursitis.
2. Septic Bursitis: This term specifically refers to bursitis caused by bacterial infection, which is a common cause of infective bursitis.
3. Non-specific Bursitis: This term may be used when the exact cause of the bursitis is not identified, but it is still classified under the broader category of bursitis.
4. Chronic Bursitis: While M71.19 does not specify chronicity, chronic bursitis can occur at multiple sites and may be related to ongoing infection or inflammation.

Clinical Context

In clinical practice, accurate coding and terminology are essential for effective communication among healthcare providers, billing, and insurance purposes. The use of alternative names and related terms can help in documenting the condition more precisely, ensuring that all aspects of the patient's health are considered.

In summary, M71.19 encompasses various terms that reflect the nature of the condition, its infectious aspect, and its occurrence at multiple sites. Understanding these terms can aid in better diagnosis, treatment planning, and communication within the healthcare system.

The ICD-10 code M71.19 refers to "Other infective bursitis, multiple sites." This diagnosis is part of the broader category of bursitis, which involves inflammation of the bursae—small fluid-filled sacs that cushion bones, tendons, and muscles near joints. When diagnosing this condition, healthcare providers typically follow specific criteria to ensure accurate identification and appropriate treatment.

Diagnostic Criteria for M71.19

1. Clinical Presentation

• Symptoms: Patients often present with localized pain, swelling, and tenderness in the affected areas. Symptoms may vary depending on the sites involved but generally include discomfort during movement and at rest.
• Physical Examination: A thorough physical examination is crucial. The clinician will assess for signs of inflammation, such as warmth, redness, and swelling over the bursa.

2. Medical History

• Previous Injuries or Conditions: A history of trauma, repetitive motion, or underlying conditions (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis or gout) may predispose individuals to bursitis.
• Infectious History: Any recent infections, particularly skin infections or systemic illnesses, should be noted, as these can contribute to the development of infective bursitis.

3. Diagnostic Imaging

• Ultrasound or MRI: Imaging studies may be utilized to visualize the bursae and assess for fluid accumulation, which can indicate infection. These modalities help differentiate between bursitis and other conditions that may mimic its symptoms, such as tendonitis or joint effusion.

4. Laboratory Tests

• Aspiration and Culture: If a bursa is swollen, aspiration (removal of fluid) may be performed. The fluid can be sent for laboratory analysis to identify the presence of bacteria or other pathogens, confirming an infectious process.
• Blood Tests: Complete blood count (CBC) and inflammatory markers (e.g., C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate) may be elevated in cases of infection, supporting the diagnosis.

5. Exclusion of Other Conditions

• Differential Diagnosis: It is essential to rule out other causes of joint pain and swelling, such as septic arthritis, tendinitis, or other inflammatory conditions. This may involve additional imaging or laboratory tests.

Conclusion

The diagnosis of M71.19, or other infective bursitis at multiple sites, relies on a combination of clinical evaluation, patient history, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Accurate diagnosis is critical for effective treatment, which may include antibiotics for infection, anti-inflammatory medications, or in some cases, surgical intervention if conservative measures fail. Understanding these criteria helps healthcare providers deliver appropriate care and improve patient outcomes.

Infective bursitis, particularly when classified under ICD-10 code M71.19, refers to inflammation of the bursae at multiple sites due to infection. This condition can lead to significant discomfort and functional impairment, necessitating a comprehensive treatment approach. Below, we explore standard treatment strategies for managing this condition.

Understanding Infective Bursitis

Bursae are small, fluid-filled sacs that cushion bones, tendons, and muscles near joints. When these sacs become infected, it can result in bursitis, characterized by pain, swelling, and limited movement. The "other infective bursitis, multiple sites" designation indicates that the infection is not localized to a single bursa but affects multiple areas, which can complicate treatment and management.

Standard Treatment Approaches

1. Antibiotic Therapy

The cornerstone of treatment for infective bursitis is antibiotic therapy, especially if the infection is bacterial. The choice of antibiotics may depend on the suspected organism and local resistance patterns. Commonly used antibiotics include:

• Cephalexin: Often prescribed for skin and soft tissue infections.
• Clindamycin: Effective against anaerobic bacteria and some strains of Staphylococcus.
• Vancomycin: Used for more severe infections, particularly those caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

2. Pain Management

Pain relief is crucial in managing symptoms associated with bursitis. Common pain management strategies include:

• Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): Medications such as ibuprofen or naproxen can help reduce pain and inflammation.
• Acetaminophen: An alternative for patients who cannot tolerate NSAIDs.

3. Rest and Activity Modification

Resting the affected joints is essential to allow healing. Patients are often advised to avoid activities that exacerbate symptoms. Gradual reintroduction of movement and physical therapy may be recommended once the acute phase has resolved.

4. Physical Therapy

Physical therapy can be beneficial in restoring function and strength to the affected areas. A physical therapist may design a program that includes:

• Range of Motion Exercises: To maintain joint flexibility.
• Strengthening Exercises: To support the muscles around the affected joints.

5. Aspiration and Drainage

In cases where there is significant swelling or fluid accumulation, aspiration (removal of fluid with a needle) may be performed. This procedure can relieve pressure and provide diagnostic information regarding the nature of the infection.

6. Surgical Intervention

If conservative measures fail or if there is an abscess formation, surgical intervention may be necessary. This could involve:

• Incision and Drainage: To remove infected material.
• Bursa Removal: In chronic cases where bursitis recurs despite treatment.

7. Follow-Up Care

Regular follow-up is essential to monitor the response to treatment and adjust the management plan as necessary. This may include repeat imaging or laboratory tests to ensure the infection is resolving.

Conclusion

The management of infective bursitis, particularly under ICD-10 code M71.19, requires a multifaceted approach that includes antibiotic therapy, pain management, rest, physical therapy, and possibly surgical intervention. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications and ensure a favorable outcome. Patients experiencing symptoms of bursitis should seek medical attention promptly to initiate appropriate care.