ICD-10: M75.02

Adhesive capsulitis, commonly known as frozen shoulder, is a condition characterized by stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint. The ICD-10 code M75.02 specifically refers to adhesive capsulitis of the left shoulder. Below is a detailed clinical description and relevant information regarding this condition.

Clinical Description of Adhesive Capsulitis

Definition

Adhesive capsulitis is an inflammatory condition that leads to the thickening and tightening of the shoulder capsule, which restricts movement and causes significant discomfort. It typically progresses through three stages: freezing, frozen, and thawing.

Symptoms

Patients with adhesive capsulitis often experience:
- Pain: Initially, pain is usually felt in the outer shoulder and may radiate down the arm. It can worsen at night or with certain movements.
- Stiffness: As the condition progresses, the range of motion in the shoulder decreases significantly, making it difficult to perform daily activities such as reaching overhead or behind the back.
- Limited Range of Motion: Patients may find it challenging to lift their arm or rotate it, leading to functional limitations.

Stages of Adhesive Capsulitis

1. Freezing Stage: This stage can last from 6 weeks to 9 months, during which pain increases, and the range of motion begins to decrease.
2. Frozen Stage: Lasting from 4 to 6 months, this stage is marked by a significant reduction in shoulder mobility, although pain may begin to diminish.
3. Thawing Stage: This final stage can last from 6 months to 2 years, where the shoulder gradually regains its range of motion.

Risk Factors

Several factors may increase the likelihood of developing adhesive capsulitis, including:
- Age: Most commonly affects individuals between 40 and 60 years old.
- Gender: Women are more likely to develop the condition than men.
- Medical Conditions: Conditions such as diabetes, thyroid disorders, and cardiovascular disease are associated with a higher incidence of adhesive capsulitis.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis is primarily clinical, based on the patient's history and physical examination. Imaging studies, such as X-rays or MRI, may be used to rule out other shoulder conditions but are not necessary for diagnosis.

ICD-10 Code

The specific ICD-10 code for adhesive capsulitis of the left shoulder is M75.02. This code is part of the broader category of shoulder disorders classified under M75, which includes various types of shoulder pain and conditions.

Treatment Options

Treatment for adhesive capsulitis typically involves a combination of the following approaches:
- Physical Therapy: A structured rehabilitation program focusing on stretching and strengthening exercises can help restore mobility.
- Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be prescribed to alleviate pain and inflammation.
- Corticosteroid Injections: In some cases, injections can provide relief from severe pain and inflammation.
- Surgery: If conservative treatments fail, surgical options such as arthroscopic capsular release may be considered to improve range of motion.

Conclusion

Adhesive capsulitis of the left shoulder, coded as M75.02 in the ICD-10 classification, is a painful and debilitating condition that can significantly impact a patient's quality of life. Early diagnosis and a comprehensive treatment plan are essential for effective management and recovery. Understanding the stages and symptoms of this condition can aid healthcare providers in delivering appropriate care and support to affected individuals.

Adhesive capsulitis, commonly known as frozen shoulder, is a condition characterized by stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint. The ICD-10 code M75.02 specifically refers to adhesive capsulitis of the left shoulder. Understanding the clinical presentation, signs, symptoms, and patient characteristics associated with this condition is crucial for effective diagnosis and management.

Clinical Presentation

Adhesive capsulitis typically progresses through three distinct phases:

1. Freezing Phase: This initial phase can last from 6 weeks to 9 months. Patients experience a gradual onset of shoulder pain, which may worsen at night. The pain often leads to a significant reduction in the range of motion.

2. Frozen Phase: Lasting from 4 to 6 months, this phase is marked by a plateau in pain levels, but the shoulder becomes increasingly stiff. Patients may find it difficult to perform daily activities due to limited mobility.

3. Thawing Phase: This final phase can last from 6 months to 2 years, during which the range of motion gradually improves, and pain diminishes.

Signs and Symptoms

Patients with adhesive capsulitis of the left shoulder typically present with the following signs and symptoms:

• Pain: Persistent pain in the shoulder, which may radiate down the arm. Pain is often exacerbated by movement and can interfere with sleep.
• Limited Range of Motion: Significant restriction in both active and passive shoulder movements, particularly in external rotation and abduction.
• Stiffness: A feeling of tightness in the shoulder joint, making it difficult to perform overhead activities or reach behind the back.
• Tenderness: Tenderness may be noted upon palpation of the shoulder joint and surrounding areas.

Patient Characteristics

Certain patient characteristics may predispose individuals to develop adhesive capsulitis:

• Age: Most commonly affects individuals between the ages of 40 and 60.
• Gender: Women are more frequently affected than men.
• Comorbidities: Conditions such as diabetes mellitus, thyroid disorders, and cardiovascular disease are associated with a higher incidence of adhesive capsulitis.
• Previous Shoulder Injury: A history of shoulder trauma or surgery can increase the risk of developing this condition.
• Sedentary Lifestyle: Lack of shoulder movement due to inactivity or immobilization can contribute to the development of adhesive capsulitis.

Conclusion

Adhesive capsulitis of the left shoulder (ICD-10 code M75.02) is characterized by a progressive loss of shoulder mobility accompanied by pain. Understanding the clinical presentation, signs, symptoms, and patient characteristics is essential for healthcare providers to diagnose and manage this condition effectively. Early intervention, including physical therapy and pain management, can help alleviate symptoms and restore function, particularly during the freezing and frozen phases of the condition.

Adhesive capsulitis, commonly known as frozen shoulder, is a condition characterized by stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint. The ICD-10 code M75.02 specifically refers to adhesive capsulitis of the left shoulder. Here are some alternative names and related terms associated with this condition:

Alternative Names

1. Frozen Shoulder: This is the most widely recognized term for adhesive capsulitis, emphasizing the loss of mobility and stiffness.
2. Shoulder Adhesion: This term highlights the adhesions that form in the shoulder joint capsule, leading to restricted movement.
3. Shoulder Stiffness: A more general term that describes the primary symptom of adhesive capsulitis.
4. Capsulitis of the Shoulder: This term refers to the inflammation of the shoulder capsule, which is a key feature of the condition.

Related Terms

1. Primary Adhesive Capsulitis: This refers to cases where the cause is idiopathic, meaning it arises without a known underlying condition.
2. Secondary Adhesive Capsulitis: This term is used when the condition develops as a result of another medical issue, such as injury, surgery, or other shoulder conditions.
3. Rotator Cuff Dysfunction: While not synonymous, this term is often related, as rotator cuff issues can coexist with adhesive capsulitis.
4. Shoulder Impingement Syndrome: This condition can sometimes be confused with adhesive capsulitis, as both involve shoulder pain and limited range of motion.
5. Shoulder Pain: A broad term that encompasses various shoulder conditions, including adhesive capsulitis.

Clinical Context

Adhesive capsulitis is often categorized into stages: the freezing stage, the frozen stage, and the thawing stage, each with distinct symptoms and duration. Understanding these alternative names and related terms can aid in better communication among healthcare providers and patients regarding diagnosis and treatment options.

In summary, while M75.02 specifically denotes adhesive capsulitis of the left shoulder, the condition is known by various names and is associated with several related terms that reflect its symptoms and underlying mechanisms.

Adhesive capsulitis, commonly known as frozen shoulder, is characterized by stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint. The ICD-10 code M75.02 specifically refers to adhesive capsulitis of the left shoulder. The diagnosis of this condition typically involves several criteria, which can be categorized into clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and exclusion of other conditions.

Clinical Evaluation

1. History of Symptoms: Patients often report a gradual onset of shoulder pain and stiffness, which can limit the range of motion. Symptoms may develop over several months and can be exacerbated by certain activities.

2. Physical Examination: A thorough physical examination is crucial. Key findings may include:
   - Reduced Range of Motion: Both active and passive movements of the shoulder are typically limited, particularly in external rotation and abduction.
   - Pain on Movement: Patients may experience pain during specific movements, which can indicate inflammation and irritation of the shoulder capsule.

3. Duration of Symptoms: The symptoms of adhesive capsulitis usually persist for at least three months before a diagnosis is made, as this duration helps differentiate it from other shoulder conditions.

Imaging Studies

While imaging is not always necessary for diagnosis, it can be helpful in ruling out other conditions. Common imaging modalities include:

1. X-rays: These can help exclude other causes of shoulder pain, such as fractures or arthritis. X-rays typically appear normal in cases of adhesive capsulitis.

2. MRI or Ultrasound: These imaging techniques can provide a more detailed view of the shoulder joint and surrounding soft tissues. They may show thickening of the joint capsule, which is indicative of adhesive capsulitis.

Exclusion of Other Conditions

Before confirming a diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis, it is essential to rule out other potential causes of shoulder pain, such as:

1. Rotator Cuff Injuries: Conditions like rotator cuff tears or tendinitis can present with similar symptoms but require different management strategies.

2. Shoulder Arthritis: Osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis can also cause pain and stiffness in the shoulder joint.

3. Other Pathologies: Conditions such as bursitis or referred pain from cervical spine issues should be considered and excluded.

Conclusion

The diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis of the left shoulder (ICD-10 code M75.02) relies on a combination of clinical history, physical examination findings, and imaging studies, while also excluding other potential shoulder pathologies. A comprehensive approach ensures accurate diagnosis and appropriate management, which may include physical therapy, corticosteroid injections, or, in some cases, surgical intervention. If you suspect adhesive capsulitis, consulting a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation is recommended.

Adhesive capsulitis, commonly known as frozen shoulder, is a condition characterized by stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint. The ICD-10 code M75.02 specifically refers to adhesive capsulitis of the left shoulder. This condition can significantly impact a person's range of motion and daily activities. Here, we will explore the standard treatment approaches for this condition, which typically involve a combination of physical therapy, medication, and, in some cases, surgical intervention.

Understanding Adhesive Capsulitis

Adhesive capsulitis occurs when the connective tissue surrounding the shoulder joint becomes inflamed and thickened, leading to restricted movement. The exact cause is often unclear, but it can be associated with prolonged immobility, diabetes, or other shoulder injuries. The condition generally progresses through three stages: freezing, frozen, and thawing, each with distinct symptoms and duration.

Standard Treatment Approaches

1. Physical Therapy

Physical therapy is a cornerstone of treatment for adhesive capsulitis. The goals of physical therapy include:

• Restoring Range of Motion: Therapists employ various stretching and strengthening exercises to gradually improve shoulder mobility.
• Pain Management: Techniques such as ultrasound therapy, electrical stimulation, and manual therapy may be used to alleviate pain and discomfort.
• Education: Patients are educated on proper shoulder mechanics and strategies to avoid exacerbating the condition.

A typical physical therapy regimen may last several weeks to months, depending on the severity of the condition and the patient's response to treatment[1].

2. Medications

Medications can help manage pain and inflammation associated with adhesive capsulitis. Commonly used medications include:

• Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): Over-the-counter options like ibuprofen or naproxen can reduce pain and swelling.
• Corticosteroids: In some cases, a corticosteroid injection into the shoulder joint may provide significant relief from inflammation and pain, allowing for more effective participation in physical therapy[2].

3. Home Exercises

Patients are often encouraged to perform specific home exercises to complement their physical therapy. These exercises focus on gentle stretching and strengthening to maintain mobility and prevent stiffness. Consistency is key, and patients should follow their therapist's recommendations closely[3].

4. Surgical Options

If conservative treatments fail to provide relief after several months, surgical options may be considered. These include:

• Arthroscopic Capsular Release: This minimally invasive procedure involves cutting the tight portions of the shoulder capsule to improve range of motion.
• Manipulation Under Anesthesia: In some cases, a physician may perform manipulation under anesthesia to break up adhesions and restore movement[4].

Surgery is typically reserved for severe cases where other treatments have not been effective.

Conclusion

Adhesive capsulitis of the left shoulder (ICD-10 code M75.02) can be a challenging condition, but with appropriate treatment, most patients can achieve significant improvement in their symptoms and functionality. A combination of physical therapy, medication, and, if necessary, surgical intervention forms the standard approach to managing this condition. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for optimal recovery, so individuals experiencing shoulder pain and stiffness should seek medical advice promptly.