ICD-10: N46.022

Azoospermia due to infection, classified under ICD-10 code N46.022, is characterized by the absence of sperm in the ejaculate as a result of an infectious process. Here are the clinical presentations, signs, symptoms, and patient characteristics associated with this condition:

Clinical Presentation

• Definition: Azoospermia is defined as the failure to achieve a successful pregnancy after 12 months of appropriate, timed unprotected intercourse, specifically due to the absence of sperm in the semen [8].
• Etiology: In this case, the azoospermia is specifically attributed to infections that may affect the male reproductive system, such as sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or other urogenital infections [10].

Signs and Symptoms

• Symptoms of Infection: Patients may present with symptoms indicative of an underlying infection, which can include:
• Pain or discomfort in the genital area
• Swelling or inflammation of the testicles (orchitis)
• Fever or systemic signs of infection
• Discharge from the penis, which may suggest an STI
• Infertility: The primary symptom is infertility, as the absence of sperm directly impacts the ability to conceive [10].

Patient Characteristics

• Demographics: Azoospermia due to infection can affect men of various ages, but it is particularly relevant for those aged 15 to 124 years [14].
• Risk Factors:
• History of STIs or other urogenital infections
• Previous surgeries or trauma to the reproductive organs
• Genetic predispositions or abnormalities that may increase susceptibility to infections [6].
• Associated Conditions: Patients may also have other reproductive health issues or comorbidities that could complicate the clinical picture, such as hormonal imbalances or anatomical abnormalities [10].

Conclusion

Azoospermia due to infection is a significant reproductive health issue that requires careful evaluation and management. Understanding the clinical presentation, signs, symptoms, and patient characteristics is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment. Early intervention can help address the underlying infection and improve fertility outcomes.