ICD-10: N70.02

Acute oophoritis, classified under the ICD-10-CM code N70.02, refers to the inflammation of the ovaries that occurs suddenly and is often associated with infection. This condition is a subset of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and can have significant implications for reproductive health.

Clinical Description

Definition

Acute oophoritis is characterized by the rapid onset of inflammation in one or both ovaries, typically resulting from an infectious process. It can occur independently or in conjunction with acute salpingitis, which is the inflammation of the fallopian tubes, leading to a broader diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) [1][2].

Etiology

The most common pathogens associated with acute oophoritis include:
- Bacterial infections: Often caused by sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
- Other bacteria: Such as Escherichia coli and other organisms that may ascend from the lower genital tract.

Symptoms

Patients with acute oophoritis may present with a variety of symptoms, including:
- Pelvic pain: Sudden and severe pain in the lower abdomen, which may be unilateral or bilateral.
- Fever: Often accompanied by systemic signs of infection.
- Abnormal vaginal discharge: This may be purulent or have an unusual odor.
- Dysuria: Painful urination may occur if the infection spreads.
- Menstrual irregularities: Changes in menstrual cycles can also be noted.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of acute oophoritis typically involves:
- Clinical evaluation: A thorough history and physical examination, focusing on abdominal and pelvic tenderness.
- Imaging studies: Ultrasound may be used to assess the ovaries for enlargement or abscess formation.
- Laboratory tests: Cultures and other tests may be performed to identify the causative organism.

Treatment

Management of acute oophoritis generally includes:
- Antibiotic therapy: Broad-spectrum antibiotics are initiated to cover likely pathogens, especially if PID is suspected.
- Pain management: Analgesics may be prescribed to alleviate discomfort.
- Surgical intervention: In cases of abscess formation or if there is no improvement with medical management, surgical drainage may be necessary.

Prognosis

The prognosis for acute oophoritis is generally favorable with prompt diagnosis and treatment. However, if left untreated, it can lead to complications such as chronic pelvic pain, infertility, or the development of abscesses [3][4].

Conclusion

Acute oophoritis, represented by the ICD-10 code N70.02, is a significant condition that requires timely medical intervention to prevent complications. Understanding its clinical presentation, causes, and treatment options is crucial for healthcare providers in managing affected patients effectively. Early recognition and appropriate antibiotic therapy are key to ensuring a positive outcome.

References

1. ICD-10-CM Code for Acute oophoritis N70.02 [1].
2. N70.02 - Acute oophoritis - EVS Explore - National Cancer Institute [2].
3. ICD-10-CM Code for Acute salpingitis and oophoritis N70.0 [4].
4. Includes Acute and Unspecified Pelvic Inflammatory Disease [5].

Acute oophoritis, classified under ICD-10 code N70.02, is an inflammatory condition affecting the ovaries. Understanding its clinical presentation, signs, symptoms, and patient characteristics is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.

Clinical Presentation

Acute oophoritis typically presents with a sudden onset of symptoms, often following an infection or as a complication of other gynecological conditions. The inflammation can be unilateral or bilateral, and it may occur in conjunction with acute salpingitis, which is inflammation of the fallopian tubes.

Signs and Symptoms

1. Pelvic Pain:
   - Patients often report severe, localized pain in the lower abdomen or pelvis, which may be unilateral or bilateral. The pain can be sharp or dull and may worsen with movement or during intercourse[1].

2. Fever:
   - A low-grade fever is common, indicating an inflammatory response. In more severe cases, the fever may be higher, suggesting a more systemic infection[1].

3. Abnormal Vaginal Discharge:
   - Patients may experience an increase in vaginal discharge, which can be purulent or foul-smelling, particularly if the oophoritis is secondary to a sexually transmitted infection (STI) or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)[1].

4. Nausea and Vomiting:
   - Some patients may present with gastrointestinal symptoms, including nausea and vomiting, which can be attributed to the pain or the inflammatory process[1].

5. Dysuria:
   - Painful urination may occur if the inflammation affects nearby structures or if there is concurrent urinary tract involvement[1].

6. Menstrual Irregularities:
   - Changes in menstrual patterns, such as increased pain during menstruation or irregular cycles, may also be reported[1].

Patient Characteristics

Acute oophoritis can affect women of reproductive age, but certain characteristics may increase the risk:

• Age: Most commonly seen in women aged 15 to 30 years, particularly those who are sexually active[1].
• Sexual History: A history of STIs, multiple sexual partners, or unprotected intercourse can predispose individuals to acute oophoritis due to the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease[1].
• Recent Gynecological Procedures: Women who have undergone recent surgical procedures, such as dilation and curettage (D&C) or pelvic surgery, may be at higher risk for developing oophoritis due to potential introduction of pathogens[1].
• Immunocompromised Status: Patients with weakened immune systems may be more susceptible to infections that can lead to oophoritis[1].

Conclusion

Acute oophoritis is a significant gynecological condition characterized by acute pelvic pain, fever, and abnormal discharge, often linked to infections. Recognizing the clinical presentation and understanding the patient characteristics can aid healthcare providers in diagnosing and managing this condition effectively. Early intervention is crucial to prevent complications, such as abscess formation or chronic pelvic pain. If you suspect acute oophoritis, prompt evaluation and treatment are essential to ensure optimal patient outcomes.

Acute oophoritis, classified under ICD-10 code N70.02, refers to the inflammation of the ovaries that occurs suddenly and is often associated with infection. Understanding alternative names and related terms can enhance clarity in medical documentation and communication. Here’s a detailed overview:

Alternative Names for Acute Oophoritis

1. Acute Ovarian Inflammation: This term emphasizes the inflammatory aspect of the condition affecting the ovaries.
2. Acute Ovaritis: A more concise term that directly refers to the inflammation of the ovaries.
3. Oophoritis: While this term can refer to both acute and chronic forms, it is often used interchangeably with acute oophoritis in clinical settings.
4. Ovarian Infection: This term may be used when the inflammation is due to an infectious process, although it is broader and can include other conditions.

Related Terms

1. Salpingitis: Often associated with oophoritis, salpingitis refers to the inflammation of the fallopian tubes. The ICD-10 code for salpingitis is N70, which encompasses both conditions.
2. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): This broader term includes infections of the reproductive organs, including the ovaries and fallopian tubes, and may involve acute oophoritis as a component.
3. Cystitis: While primarily referring to bladder inflammation, it can be related in cases where pelvic infections spread.
4. Endometritis: Inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus, which can occur alongside oophoritis in cases of pelvic inflammatory disease.

Clinical Context

Acute oophoritis is often diagnosed in conjunction with other conditions, particularly in the context of pelvic inflammatory disease. It is crucial for healthcare providers to recognize these related terms to ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment. The condition can arise from various infectious agents, including sexually transmitted infections, which may also lead to salpingitis and other pelvic inflammatory conditions[1][2].

In summary, understanding the alternative names and related terms for ICD-10 code N70.02 can facilitate better communication among healthcare professionals and improve patient care by ensuring accurate diagnosis and treatment pathways.

Acute oophoritis, classified under the ICD-10-CM code N70.02, refers to the inflammation of the ovaries, often resulting from infections or other underlying conditions. The diagnosis of acute oophoritis typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. Below are the key criteria used for diagnosis:

Clinical Symptoms

1. Pelvic Pain: Patients often present with unilateral or bilateral pelvic pain, which may be sharp or dull in nature.
2. Fever: A low-grade fever may accompany the condition, indicating an inflammatory response.
3. Abnormal Vaginal Discharge: Patients may report changes in vaginal discharge, which can be purulent or foul-smelling, suggesting an infectious process.
4. Menstrual Irregularities: Changes in menstrual patterns, such as increased pain during menstruation or abnormal bleeding, may be noted.

Physical Examination

1. Abdominal Tenderness: On examination, there may be tenderness in the lower abdomen, particularly on palpation of the ovaries.
2. Cervical Motion Tenderness: This is often assessed during a pelvic examination and can indicate inflammation of the reproductive organs.
3. Adnexal Tenderness: Tenderness in the adnexal region (the area surrounding the ovaries and fallopian tubes) is a significant indicator of oophoritis.

Laboratory Tests

1. Complete Blood Count (CBC): An elevated white blood cell count (leukocytosis) may indicate an infection or inflammatory process.
2. Cultures: Vaginal or cervical cultures may be performed to identify specific pathogens, particularly in cases suspected to be sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
3. Serological Tests: Tests for specific infections, such as chlamydia or gonorrhea, may be conducted.

Imaging Studies

1. Ultrasound: A pelvic ultrasound is often the first imaging modality used. It can help visualize the ovaries and assess for any abscess formation, cysts, or other abnormalities.
2. CT Scan or MRI: In complicated cases or when there is suspicion of other pathologies, a CT scan or MRI may be utilized for a more detailed view.

Differential Diagnosis

It is crucial to differentiate acute oophoritis from other conditions that may present similarly, such as:

• Acute Appendicitis: Inflammation of the appendix can mimic ovarian pain.
• Ectopic Pregnancy: A pregnancy occurring outside the uterus can present with similar symptoms.
• Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): This broader category includes infections of the reproductive organs and may involve both the ovaries and fallopian tubes.

Conclusion

The diagnosis of acute oophoritis (ICD-10 code N70.02) relies on a comprehensive assessment that includes clinical symptoms, physical examination findings, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. Accurate diagnosis is essential for effective treatment, which may involve antibiotics, pain management, and, in some cases, surgical intervention if complications arise. If you suspect acute oophoritis, it is important to seek medical attention promptly to prevent potential complications.

Acute oophoritis, classified under ICD-10 code N70.02, refers to the inflammation of the ovaries, often resulting from infections or other underlying conditions. Understanding the standard treatment approaches for this condition is crucial for effective management and recovery.

Overview of Acute Oophoritis

Acute oophoritis can occur as a standalone condition or as part of a broader pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). It is characterized by symptoms such as abdominal pain, fever, and abnormal vaginal discharge. The condition may arise from various infectious agents, including sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like Chlamydia and Gonorrhea, or from other bacterial infections[8].

Standard Treatment Approaches

1. Antibiotic Therapy

The primary treatment for acute oophoritis typically involves the use of antibiotics. The choice of antibiotics may depend on the suspected causative organism:

• Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics: These are often prescribed initially to cover a wide range of potential pathogens. Common choices include:
• Ceftriaxone: Effective against Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
• Doxycycline: Often used for Chlamydia trachomatis and other bacterial infections.
• Metronidazole: This may be added to cover anaerobic bacteria, especially if there is a suspicion of polymicrobial infection[8][9].

2. Pain Management

Pain relief is an essential component of treatment. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen or naproxen can help alleviate pain and reduce inflammation. In more severe cases, stronger analgesics may be required[9].

3. Supportive Care

Supportive care is crucial for recovery. This may include:

• Hydration: Ensuring adequate fluid intake to prevent dehydration, especially if fever is present.
• Rest: Encouraging rest to aid the body’s healing process.
• Monitoring: Regular follow-up to monitor symptoms and response to treatment is important, particularly in cases where the patient may require hospitalization[8].

4. Surgical Intervention

In some cases, particularly if there is an abscess formation or if the patient does not respond to medical management, surgical intervention may be necessary. This could involve:

• Laparoscopy: A minimally invasive procedure to drain abscesses or remove affected tissue.
• Laparotomy: In more severe cases, a larger surgical incision may be required to address complications[9].

5. Management of Underlying Conditions

If acute oophoritis is secondary to another condition, such as PID, it is essential to address the underlying issue. This may involve treating other pelvic infections or managing chronic conditions that could contribute to recurrent episodes of oophoritis[8].

Conclusion

The management of acute oophoritis (ICD-10 code N70.02) primarily revolves around antibiotic therapy, pain management, and supportive care. Early diagnosis and treatment are vital to prevent complications and ensure a favorable outcome. Patients experiencing symptoms suggestive of acute oophoritis should seek medical attention promptly to initiate appropriate treatment and avoid potential long-term effects on reproductive health.