ICD-10: N97.2

Female infertility of uterine origin

Clinical Information

Inclusion Terms

  • Female infertility associated with congenital anomaly of uterus
  • Female infertility due to nonimplantation of ovum

Additional Information

Clinical Information

Female infertility of uterine origin, classified under ICD-10 code N97.2, refers to infertility issues stemming from anatomical or functional abnormalities of the uterus. Understanding the clinical presentation, signs, symptoms, and patient characteristics associated with this condition is crucial for effective diagnosis and management.

Clinical Presentation

Definition and Overview

Infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected intercourse. When the cause is attributed to uterine factors, it may involve structural abnormalities, such as fibroids, polyps, or congenital malformations, or functional issues like endometrial receptivity problems. The diagnosis of infertility of uterine origin is typically made after ruling out other potential causes of infertility, including male factors and ovulatory disorders.

Signs and Symptoms

The signs and symptoms of female infertility of uterine origin can vary widely depending on the underlying cause. Common manifestations include:

  • Menstrual Irregularities: Women may experience abnormal menstrual cycles, which can include heavy bleeding (menorrhagia), irregular periods, or amenorrhea (absence of menstruation) due to uterine abnormalities.
  • Pelvic Pain: Chronic pelvic pain may be present, particularly if there are fibroids or endometriosis affecting the uterus.
  • Painful Intercourse: Dyspareunia (pain during intercourse) can occur, often linked to structural issues within the uterus.
  • Recurrent Miscarriages: Women with uterine abnormalities may experience multiple pregnancy losses, which can be a significant indicator of uterine-related infertility.
  • Infertility: The primary symptom is the inability to conceive after one year of trying, which prompts further investigation into uterine health.

Patient Characteristics

Demographics

  • Age: Women in their late 20s to early 40s are often affected, as fertility naturally declines with age, and uterine abnormalities may become more pronounced.
  • Medical History: A history of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), previous surgeries (such as myomectomy), or conditions like endometriosis can increase the risk of uterine infertility.
  • Obesity: Higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with various reproductive issues, including uterine abnormalities that can affect fertility.

Risk Factors

  • Congenital Anomalies: Conditions such as a septate uterus or unicornuate uterus can be present from birth and may lead to infertility.
  • Fibroids and Polyps: These benign growths can distort the uterine cavity and interfere with implantation or pregnancy maintenance.
  • Hormonal Imbalances: Conditions affecting hormone levels, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), can indirectly impact uterine function and fertility.

Diagnostic Approach

To diagnose infertility of uterine origin, healthcare providers typically employ a combination of the following:

  • Pelvic Ultrasound: This imaging technique helps visualize the uterus and identify abnormalities such as fibroids or polyps.
  • Hysterosalpingography (HSG): An X-ray procedure that examines the inside of the uterus and checks for blockages in the fallopian tubes.
  • Hysteroscopy: A direct visualization of the uterine cavity using a thin, lighted tube, allowing for diagnosis and potential treatment of abnormalities.

Conclusion

Understanding the clinical presentation, signs, symptoms, and patient characteristics associated with ICD-10 code N97.2 is essential for healthcare providers in diagnosing and managing female infertility of uterine origin. Early identification and appropriate intervention can significantly improve reproductive outcomes for affected women. If you suspect uterine-related infertility, consulting a healthcare professional for a comprehensive evaluation is crucial.

Description

Female infertility of uterine origin, classified under ICD-10 code N97.2, refers to infertility issues specifically arising from abnormalities or conditions affecting the uterus. This condition is a subset of female infertility, which encompasses various factors that can impede a woman's ability to conceive or carry a pregnancy to term.

Clinical Description

Definition

Infertility is generally defined as the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected intercourse. When the cause is identified as uterine-related, it indicates that the uterus itself is contributing to the challenges in achieving or maintaining pregnancy. This can include structural abnormalities, such as fibroids, polyps, or congenital malformations, as well as functional issues like endometrial receptivity problems.

Causes of Uterine Infertility

Several conditions can lead to infertility of uterine origin, including:

  • Uterine Fibroids: Noncancerous growths in the uterus that can distort its shape and interfere with implantation or blood flow.
  • Endometrial Polyps: Growths on the inner lining of the uterus that can disrupt normal uterine function.
  • Congenital Anomalies: Structural abnormalities present at birth, such as a septate uterus or unicornuate uterus, which can affect implantation and pregnancy.
  • Asherman’s Syndrome: A condition characterized by scar tissue in the uterus, often resulting from previous surgeries or infections, which can hinder normal uterine function.
  • Endometrial Hyperplasia: Thickening of the uterine lining, which can affect the ability to support a pregnancy.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of uterine infertility typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examinations, and imaging studies. Common diagnostic procedures include:

  • Hysterosalpingography (HSG): An X-ray procedure that examines the inside of the uterus and fallopian tubes.
  • Sonohysterography: An ultrasound procedure that uses saline to provide a clearer view of the uterine cavity.
  • Hysteroscopy: A direct visualization of the uterine cavity using a thin, lighted tube inserted through the vagina.

Treatment Options

Treatment for infertility of uterine origin depends on the underlying cause and may include:

  • Surgical Interventions: Procedures to remove fibroids, polyps, or scar tissue.
  • Hormonal Treatments: To address issues related to the endometrial lining.
  • Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART): Such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), especially if structural issues cannot be corrected surgically.

Conclusion

ICD-10 code N97.2 is crucial for accurately diagnosing and billing for conditions related to female infertility of uterine origin. Understanding the various causes, diagnostic methods, and treatment options is essential for healthcare providers to effectively manage and support women facing these challenges. Proper coding and documentation ensure that patients receive appropriate care and that healthcare providers are reimbursed for their services.

Approximate Synonyms

When discussing the ICD-10 code N97.2, which specifically refers to "Female infertility of uterine origin," it is helpful to explore alternative names and related terms that are commonly used in medical literature and practice. Understanding these terms can enhance communication among healthcare professionals and improve patient education.

Alternative Names for N97.2

  1. Uterine Factor Infertility: This term emphasizes that the infertility is specifically due to issues related to the uterus.
  2. Infertility Due to Uterine Abnormalities: This phrase highlights that the infertility is a result of structural or functional abnormalities within the uterus.
  3. Uterine Infertility: A more straightforward term that directly links infertility to uterine issues.
  4. Female Uterine Infertility: This term specifies the gender and the organ involved, making it clear that the infertility is female-specific and uterine-related.
  1. Infertility: A general term that refers to the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected intercourse.
  2. Reproductive Health Disorders: A broader category that includes various conditions affecting female reproductive health, including uterine-related issues.
  3. Endometrial Dysfunction: This term refers to problems with the endometrium (the inner lining of the uterus), which can contribute to infertility.
  4. Uterine Anomalies: This encompasses various structural abnormalities of the uterus, such as fibroids, polyps, or congenital malformations, which can lead to infertility.
  5. Subfertility: A term that indicates reduced fertility, which may be due to uterine factors among other causes.

Clinical Context

In clinical practice, understanding these alternative names and related terms is crucial for accurate diagnosis, treatment planning, and effective communication with patients. For instance, when discussing treatment options, healthcare providers may refer to uterine factor infertility in the context of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) or surgical interventions aimed at correcting uterine abnormalities.

Conclusion

The ICD-10 code N97.2 for female infertility of uterine origin is associated with various alternative names and related terms that reflect the underlying causes and clinical implications of this condition. Familiarity with these terms can facilitate better understanding and management of infertility issues related to uterine factors, ultimately improving patient care and outcomes.

Diagnostic Criteria

The diagnosis of female infertility, particularly under the ICD-10 code N97.2, which specifies infertility of uterine origin, involves a comprehensive evaluation of various factors. Here’s a detailed overview of the criteria and diagnostic processes typically used to establish this diagnosis.

Understanding Female Infertility

Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected intercourse for women under 35, or after six months for women aged 35 and older. Infertility can stem from various causes, including hormonal imbalances, anatomical issues, and underlying medical conditions. The classification of infertility into specific categories, such as uterine origin, helps in tailoring appropriate treatment strategies.

Diagnostic Criteria for N97.2

1. Medical History Review

  • Menstrual History: Assessment of menstrual cycles to identify irregularities that may indicate hormonal issues.
  • Obstetric History: Previous pregnancies, miscarriages, or complications that could affect current fertility.
  • Sexual History: Evaluation of sexual practices and any potential sexually transmitted infections (STIs) that could impact fertility.

2. Physical Examination

  • A thorough pelvic examination is conducted to check for any physical abnormalities in the reproductive organs, including the uterus.

3. Laboratory Tests

  • Hormonal Assessments: Blood tests to measure levels of hormones such as estrogen, progesterone, and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) to evaluate ovarian function.
  • Thyroid Function Tests: To rule out thyroid disorders that can affect fertility.

4. Imaging Studies

  • Ultrasound: Transvaginal ultrasound is commonly used to visualize the uterus and assess for structural abnormalities such as fibroids, polyps, or congenital anomalies.
  • Hysterosalpingography (HSG): This X-ray procedure involves injecting a dye into the uterine cavity to check for blockages in the fallopian tubes and to assess the shape of the uterine cavity.

5. Hysteroscopy

  • A hysteroscopy may be performed to directly visualize the inside of the uterus. This procedure allows for the diagnosis and potential treatment of intrauterine abnormalities, such as polyps or fibroids.

6. Endometrial Biopsy

  • In some cases, a biopsy of the endometrial lining may be performed to evaluate for conditions such as endometrial hyperplasia or cancer, which can contribute to infertility.

7. Exclusion of Other Causes

  • It is essential to rule out other potential causes of infertility, such as ovulatory disorders, tubal factors, and male infertility, to confirm that the infertility is specifically of uterine origin.

Conclusion

The diagnosis of female infertility of uterine origin (ICD-10 code N97.2) is a multifaceted process that requires a thorough evaluation of medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, imaging studies, and sometimes surgical procedures. By systematically assessing these factors, healthcare providers can accurately diagnose the underlying causes of infertility and develop effective treatment plans tailored to the individual’s needs. This comprehensive approach is crucial for improving the chances of conception and addressing any reproductive health issues effectively[2][12][15].

Treatment Guidelines

Female infertility of uterine origin, classified under ICD-10 code N97.2, refers to infertility issues stemming from abnormalities or conditions affecting the uterus. Understanding the standard treatment approaches for this condition involves a comprehensive look at diagnosis, treatment options, and potential fertility preservation strategies.

Uterine factors can significantly impact a woman's ability to conceive and maintain a pregnancy. Common uterine conditions that may lead to infertility include:

  • Uterine fibroids: Noncancerous growths that can distort the uterine cavity.
  • Uterine polyps: Growths on the inner lining of the uterus that can interfere with implantation.
  • Congenital anomalies: Abnormalities in the structure of the uterus, such as a septate uterus or a bicornuate uterus.
  • Endometrial issues: Conditions affecting the endometrium, such as endometrial hyperplasia or chronic endometritis.

Diagnosis of Uterine Infertility

Before treatment can begin, a thorough diagnostic process is essential. This typically includes:

  • Medical history and physical examination: Assessing menstrual history, previous pregnancies, and any underlying health conditions.
  • Imaging studies: Such as hysterosalpingography (HSG) or sonohysterography to visualize the uterine cavity and assess for abnormalities.
  • Hysteroscopy: A procedure that allows direct visualization of the uterine cavity and can also be used for therapeutic interventions.

Standard Treatment Approaches

1. Surgical Interventions

For many uterine abnormalities, surgical treatment may be necessary:

  • Myomectomy: Removal of uterine fibroids to improve the uterine environment for implantation.
  • Hysteroscopic polypectomy: Removal of polyps that may obstruct the uterine cavity.
  • Septoplasty: Surgical correction of a septate uterus to create a single, normal uterine cavity.
  • Endometrial ablation: In cases of severe endometrial issues, this procedure can remove or destroy the endometrial lining.

2. Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)

If surgical interventions do not result in successful conception, ART may be considered:

  • Intrauterine insemination (IUI): Sperm is directly placed into the uterus around the time of ovulation.
  • In vitro fertilization (IVF): Eggs are retrieved from the ovaries, fertilized in a lab, and the resulting embryos are transferred to the uterus. This approach is particularly useful if there are significant uterine abnormalities that may hinder natural conception.

3. Hormonal Treatments

In some cases, hormonal imbalances may contribute to infertility. Hormonal treatments can help regulate menstrual cycles and prepare the endometrium for implantation:

  • Clomiphene citrate: Often used to stimulate ovulation.
  • Gonadotropins: Hormonal injections that stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs.

4. Fertility Preservation

For women diagnosed with uterine conditions who may wish to delay childbearing, fertility preservation options can be discussed:

  • Egg or embryo freezing: This allows women to preserve their fertility for future use, especially if they are facing surgery or treatments that may affect their reproductive health.

Conclusion

The management of female infertility of uterine origin (ICD-10 code N97.2) requires a tailored approach based on the specific uterine condition diagnosed. Surgical interventions, assisted reproductive technologies, and hormonal treatments are standard practices aimed at restoring fertility. Women facing these challenges should consult with a fertility specialist to explore the most appropriate options for their individual circumstances, ensuring a comprehensive plan that addresses both medical and emotional needs.

Related Information

Clinical Information

  • Infertility defined as inability to conceive after one year
  • Uterine factors include structural abnormalities and functional issues
  • Common manifestations: menstrual irregularities, pelvic pain, painful intercourse
  • Recurrent miscarriages can indicate uterine-related infertility
  • Age affects fertility, with late 20s to early 40s at risk
  • Medical history of PID, surgeries, or endometriosis increases risk
  • Obesity associated with reproductive issues and uterine abnormalities
  • Congenital anomalies like septate or unicornuate uterus can lead to infertility
  • Fibroids and polyps distort the uterine cavity and interfere with implantation
  • Hormonal imbalances, such as PCOS, indirectly impact uterine function and fertility
  • Diagnostic approach includes pelvic ultrasound, HSG, and hysteroscopy

Description

  • Female infertility of uterine origin
  • Caused by structural abnormalities
  • Noncancerous growths in the uterus
  • Distorts shape and interferes with implantation
  • Endometrial polyps disrupt normal function
  • Congenital anomalies affect implantation
  • Asherman’s Syndrome causes scar tissue
  • Endometrial hyperplasia affects uterine lining

Approximate Synonyms

  • Uterine Factor Infertility
  • Infertility Due to Uterine Abnormalities
  • Uterine Infertility
  • Female Uterine Infertility
  • Endometrial Dysfunction
  • Uterine Anomalies
  • Subfertility

Diagnostic Criteria

  • Medical History Review: Menstrual irregularities
  • Obstetric History: Previous pregnancy complications
  • Sexual History: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
  • Physical Examination: Pelvic examination for abnormalities
  • Hormonal Assessments: Estrogen, progesterone, and FSH levels
  • Thyroid Function Tests: Thyroid disorders
  • Ultrasound: Visualizing the uterus for structural abnormalities
  • Hysterosalpingography (HSG): Checking fallopian tube blockages
  • Hysteroscopy: Direct visualization of the uterine cavity
  • Endometrial Biopsy: Evaluating endometrial lining conditions

Treatment Guidelines

  • Uterine fibroids removal through myomectomy
  • Hysteroscopic polypectomy for polyp removal
  • Septoplasty to correct septate uterus
  • Endometrial ablation for severe endometrial issues
  • Intrauterine insemination (IUI) with sperm placement
  • In vitro fertilization (IVF) with egg retrieval and embryo transfer
  • Clomiphene citrate for hormonal ovulation stimulation
  • Gonadotropins for hormonal injections to stimulate ovaries
  • Egg or embryo freezing for fertility preservation

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